“…However, this method has strict requirements for preparation conditions, such as high temperature, high pressure and the use of organic reagents, which are expensive and can affect the surrounding environment. In addition, the preparation of oil-phase QDs capped with organic ligands has encountered many technical problems such as poor biocompatibility, [6,7,10] therefore these methods were not suitable for fluorescence labeling and tracing in in vivo and in vitro experiments. The second method is water-phase synthesis, which usually involves low temperature and Abbreviations used: CB, conduction band; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; PL, photoluminescence; QY, quantum yield; TEM, transmission electron microscope; UV, ultraviolet; VB, valence band; XRD, X-ray diffraction.…”