White matter integrity in brain structures supporting semantic processing is associated with value-directed remembering in older adults

Hennessee, Joseph P.; Reggente, Nicco; Cohen, Melvin R.; Rissman, Jesse; Castel, Alan D.; Knowlton, Barbara J.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.04.003

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 82 publications

(143 reference statements)

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“…The uncinate fasciculus is thought to be involved in semantic aspects of language, memory, and reward (Harvey et al 2013, Visser et al 2010. In older adults, integrity of a different left-hemisphere tract, the inferior frontooccipital fasciculus, was correlated with recall of high-value, but not low-value, words (Hennessee et al 2019b). The inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus is a long fiber tract that interconnects frontal and multiple posterior regions of the brain.…”

Section: Neural Mechanisms Of Strategic Learning Of Valuable Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory and Reward-Based Learning: A Value-Directed Remembering Perspective

Knowlton

Castel

2022

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

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The ability to prioritize valuable information is critical for the efficient use of memory in daily life. When information is important, we engage more effective encoding mechanisms that can better support retrieval. Here, we describe a dual-mechanism framework of value-directed remembering in which both strategic and automatic processes lead to differential encoding of valuable information. Strategic processes rely on metacognitive awareness of effective deep encoding strategies that allow younger and healthy older adults to selectively remember important information. In contrast, some high-value information may also be encoded automatically in the absence of intention to remember, but this may be more impaired in older age. These different mechanisms are subserved by different neural substrates, with left-hemisphere semantic processing regions active during the strategic encoding of high-value items, and automatic enhancement of encoding of high-value items may be supported by activation of midbrain dopaminergic projections to the hippocampal region. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 73 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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Section: Neural Mechanisms Of Strategic Learning Of Valuable Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory and Reward-Based Learning: A Value-Directed Remembering Perspective

Knowlton

Castel

2022

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

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“…Additionally, recent fMRI evidence suggests that semantic processing regions, including left superior temporal gyrus and left lateral temporal cortex, are engaged in older adults during the processing of higher-value words [ 81 ]. A diffusion tensor imaging study has also shown that preferential recall of high-value words in older adults was dependent on the integrity of the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, a tract associated with semantic memory performance and retrieval of semantic information [ 82 ]. These regions and tracts have been shown to be altered in individuals with MCI compared to CNCs [ 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disrupted Value-Directed Strategic Processing in Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Behavioral and Neural Correlates

et al. 2022

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Value-directed strategic processing involves attending to higher-value information while inhibiting lower-value information. This preferential processing is relatively preserved in cognitively normal older adults but is impaired in individuals with dementia. No studies have investigated whether value-directed strategic processing is disrupted in earlier stages of cognitive decline, namely, mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The current study examined behavioral and EEG differences in value-directed strategic processing between 18 individuals with MCI and 18 cognitively normal older controls using a value-directed list learning task. Behaviorally, individuals with MCI recalled fewer total and high-value words compared to controls, but no group differences were observed in low-value word recall. Neurally, individuals with MCI had reduced theta synchronization relative to controls between 100 and 200 ms post-stimulus. Greater alpha desynchronization was observed for high- versus low-value words between 300 and 400 ms in controls but not in the MCI group. The groups showed some processing similarities, with greater theta synchronization for low-value words between 700 and 800 ms and greater alpha desynchronization for high-value words between 500 and 1100 ms. Overall, value-directed strategic processing was compromised in individuals with MCI on both behavioral and neural measures relative to controls. These findings add to the growing body of literature on differences between typical cognitive aging and MCI.

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“…Small vessel disease is best defined pathologically, although this includes a variety of microscopic findings including reduced vessel caliber, reduced vessel number, lipohyalinosis, and small cerebral infarcts. Vessel caliber is itself non-specific and may be related to lipohyalinosis, amyloid angiopathy, thrombosis leading to ischemia and infarction, and other causes [34][35][36].…”

Section: Small Vessel Disease and The Aging Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Pressure Control and Protection of the Aging Brain

Wahidi

Lerner

2019

Neurotherapeutics

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Hypertension and dementia are both common disorders whose prevalence increases with age. There are multiple mechanisms by which hypertension affects the brain and alters cognition. These include blood flow dynamics, development of large and small vessel pathology and diverse molecular mechanisms including formation of reactive oxygen species and transcriptional cascades. Blood pressure interacts with Alzheimer disease pathology in numerous and unpredictable ways, affecting both β-amyloid and tau deposition, while also interacting with AD genetic risk factors and other metabolic processes. Treatment of hypertension may prevent cognitive decline and dementia, but methodological issues have limited the ability of randomized clinical trials to show this conclusively. Recent studies have raised hope that hypertension treatment may protect the function and structure of the aging brain from advancing to mild cognitive impairment and dementia.

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White matter integrity in brain structures supporting semantic processing is associated with value-directed remembering in older adults

Cited by 11 publications

References 82 publications

Memory and Reward-Based Learning: A Value-Directed Remembering Perspective

Memory and Reward-Based Learning: A Value-Directed Remembering Perspective

Disrupted Value-Directed Strategic Processing in Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Behavioral and Neural Correlates

Blood Pressure Control and Protection of the Aging Brain

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