Who Gets Long COVID and Suffers its Mental Health and Socioeconomic Consequences in the United States? Preliminary Findings from a Large Nationwide Study

Kim, Daniel

doi:10.1101/2023.01.06.23284199

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A large number of those affected by PCS are working-aged adults, which not only has implications for these individuals, but also places an enormous socioeconomic burden on society and healthcare systems [ 32 ]. It is estimated that until November 2022, 31.14 million working-aged adults in the US had developed PCS [ 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Clinical Features of Post-COVID-19 Patients—Symptoms, Fatigue and Physical Function at 3- and 6-Month Follow-Up

Steinmetz

Groß

Lehnert

et al. 2023

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) has been described as ‘the pandemic after the pandemic’ with more than 65 million people worldwide being affected. The enormous range of symptoms makes both diagnosis complex and treatment difficult. In a post-COVID rehabilitation outpatient clinic, 184 patients, mostly non-hospitalized, received a comprehensive, interdisciplinary diagnostic assessment with fixed follow-up appointments. At baseline, three in four patients reported more than 10 symptoms, the most frequent symptoms were fatigue (84.9%), decreased physical capacity (83.0%), tiredness (81.1%), poor concentration (73.6%), sleeping problems (66.7%) and shortness of breath (67.3%). Abnormalities were found in the mean values of scores for fatigue (FAS = 34.3), cognition (MoCA = 25.5), psychological alterations (anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder), limitation of lung function (CAT) and severity scores for PCS (PCFS, MCRS). Clinical abnormalities were found in elevated values of heart rate, breathing rate at rest, blood pressure and NT-proBNP levels. As the frequency of the described symptoms decreases only slowly but most often significantly over the course, it is important to monitor the patients over a longer period of time. Many of them suffer from an immense symptom burden, often without pre-existing clinical correlates. Our results show a clear association with objectifiable assessments and tests as well as pronounced symptoms.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Clinical Features of Post-COVID-19 Patients—Symptoms, Fatigue and Physical Function at 3- and 6-Month Follow-Up

Steinmetz

Groß

Lehnert

et al. 2023

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…350 € per day of sick leave [14]. Similar calculations for the entire US estimate the total economic burden of lost work due to Long COVID to 175 billion US$ annually [15].…”

Section: Background and Rationale {6a}mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing sick leave, improving work ability, and quality of life in patients with mild to moderate Long COVID through psychosocial, physiotherapeutic, and nutritive supportive digital intervention (MiLoCoDaS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Krotz,

Sosnowsky-Waschek,

Bechtel

et al. 2023

Trials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Following SARS-CoV-2 infection, a relevant proportion of patients suffer from persistent or recurring sequela, even after initially mild primary illness. Many patients experience exhaustion and fatigue, rendering them incapable of working. Long COVID exerts a substantial burden on society and the healthcare system: at least 65 million people are currently affected worldwide. The underlying pathobiology is a complex derangement in several organ systems. To date, causal pharmaceutical therapies remain elusive. Waiting lists for specialist care are long. Rapidly scalable digital interventions offering support for the frequent subgroup of patients with mild to moderate impairment from Long COVID are urgently needed. The MiLoCoDaS study compares three intensities of a potentially rapidly scalable digital intervention aiming to accelerate recovery. The overall objective is to figure out if there is a difference in the effect sizes between these modalities. Methods The online intervention uses a learning platform (LMS, TYPO3 framework) comprising 12 sessions of medical, psychological, physiotherapeutic, and nutritional content. The three modalities differ as follows: patient information only (sham intervention, control), information plus interactive digital workbook including practical exercises (digital intervention), and the digital workbook augmented by once-weekly online seminars and discussion groups (person and peer-contact). Eligible patients are 18–67 years old satisfying Long COVID diagnostic criteria. Patients are recruited through primary care physicians and randomly allocated. The primary endpoint is the number of sick leave days during the 6-month observation period; secondary endpoints are patient-reported symptoms, quality of life, and work ability. The study size provides a power of 80% at a type I error of < 0.05 to show an effect size of Cohen = 0.3 between the augmented and the sham intervention (N = 152 per arm, total accounting for attrition N = 600). Discussion If one of the two interventions is superior to providing information alone, MiLoCoDaS would provide the starting point for a rapidly scalable digital intervention for the frequent and currently underserved patient group with mild to moderate impairment from Long COVID. Several caveats pertain to the heterogeneity of Long COVID manifestation and duration prior to inclusion. It is conceivable that the possible effect of the intervention may differ across subgroups. Therefore, a priori defined secondary analysis will be conducted. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) DRKS00028964. Registered on 24 August 2022.

show abstract

“… 17 In India, it is estimated that 6%–10% of COVID-19 patients go on to develop post-COVID. 16 Despite existing studies on post-COVID primarily focusing on patient populations in developed countries, 5 18 19 there has been no specific study on post-COVID in India. 20 India, as an LMIC country, has faced significant challenges due to the pandemic, with over 44.9 million COVID-19 patients reported as of October 2023 (according to the WHO website).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protocol for a longitudinal study examining the trajectory of COVID-19, post-COVID, multidimensional disadvantage and health-related quality of life in India: the IndiQol Project

Sinha,

Gutacker,

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns about the persistence of symptoms after infection, commonly referred to as ‘post-COVID’ or ‘long-COVID’. While countries in high-resource countries have highlighted the increased risk of disadvantaged communities, there is limited understanding of how COVID-19 and post-COVID conditions affect marginalised populations in low-income and middle-income countries. We study the longitudinal patterns of COVID-19, post-COVID symptoms and their impact on the health-related quality of life through the IndiQol Project.Methods and analysisThe IndiQol Project conducts household surveys across India to collect data on the incidence of COVID-19 and multidimensional well-being using a longitudinal design. We select a representative sample across six states surveyed over four waves. A two-stage sampling design was used to randomly select primary sampling units in rural and urban areas of each State. Using power analysis, we select an initial sample of 3000 household and survey all adult household members in each wave. The survey data will be analysed using limited dependent variable models and matching techniques to provide insights into the impact of COVID-19 pandemic and post-COVID on health and well-being of individuals in India.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval for the IndiQol Project was obtained from the Macquarie University Human Research Ethics Committee in Sydney, Australia and Institutional Review Board of Morsel in India. The project results will be published in peer-reviewed journals. Data collected from the IndiQol project will be deposited with the EuroQol group and will be available to use by eligible researchers on approval of request.

show abstract

Who Gets Long COVID and Suffers its Mental Health and Socioeconomic Consequences in the United States? Preliminary Findings from a Large Nationwide Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Longitudinal Clinical Features of Post-COVID-19 Patients—Symptoms, Fatigue and Physical Function at 3- and 6-Month Follow-Up

Longitudinal Clinical Features of Post-COVID-19 Patients—Symptoms, Fatigue and Physical Function at 3- and 6-Month Follow-Up

Reducing sick leave, improving work ability, and quality of life in patients with mild to moderate Long COVID through psychosocial, physiotherapeutic, and nutritive supportive digital intervention (MiLoCoDaS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Protocol for a longitudinal study examining the trajectory of COVID-19, post-COVID, multidimensional disadvantage and health-related quality of life in India: the IndiQol Project

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About