Whole genome duplication increases ecological niche breadth of the perennial herb Urtica dioica

Urfus, Tomáš; Kopecký, Martin; Urfusová, Romana; Chrtek, Jindřich

doi:10.23855/preslia.2021.305

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…S. bohemicum ) being more specialized than tetraploids ( S. officinale ). The stronger synanthropic affinity of polyploids, in contrast to their diploid congeners, has recently been reported in several polyploid complexes ( Zozomová-Lihová et al 2014 ; Chung et al 2015 ; Němečková et al 2019 ; Rejlová et al 2019 ; Urfus et al 2021 ). Alternatively, observed pattern in niche differentiation between diploids and tetraploids may result from stronger competitive ability of tetraploids, unless they are confined to nutrient-poor and/or more-stressful substrates that do not allow the tetraploids to exploit their advantage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Morphological, ecological and geographic differences between diploids and tetraploids ofSymphytum officinale(Boraginaceae) justify both cytotypes as separate species

2022

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Polyploidization is generally considered to be an important evolutionary driver affecting the genetic diversity, that can alter the morphology, phenology, physiology or ecology of plants, which in turn may make the taxonomy of polyploids more difficult. One such example is the Symphytum officinale complex, a polyploid species group represented by three major cytotypes: tetraploids (2n = 48), less common, geographically restricted diploids (2n = 24) and hypotetraploids (2n = 40). In most European floras only one polymorphic species, S. officinale, is widely recognised, while the particular cytotypes are usually considered conspecific. Our study provided a thorough evaluation of the ploidy level diversity, morphological and ecological variation, with a special attempt to clarify the status of “white-flowered” diploids. Using flow cytometry, we identified three cytotypes: widespread tetraploids (76.1%); less frequent diploids (23.6%) with scattered distribution across the range of tetraploids and confined only to several areas of Europe; and extremely rare triploids (0.3%). Diploids and tetraploids showed diffuse parapatric pattern of distribution, with only four mixed-cytotype populations (2.7%) found, but almost entirely without triploids, suggesting reproductive isolation between di- and tetraploids. Niche of diploids falls nearly completely within the niche of tetraploids that showed niche expansion. Tetraploids also showed a shift in niche optimum toward a less continental and colder climate, coupled with expansion to more disturbance-prone sites with higher nutrient availability. Diploids were clearly distinguishable morphologically from tetraploids. The morphological differentiation of studied cytotypes appears to be taxonomically significant, especially in combination with ecological segregation and the apparent presence of hybridisation barriers. Both cytotypes should be treated as separate species (i.e. S. bohemicum F.W. Schmidt and S. officinale s. str.).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Morphological, ecological and geographic differences between diploids and tetraploids ofSymphytum officinale(Boraginaceae) justify both cytotypes as separate species

2022

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“…woodlands (Geltman 1992, Ball & Geltman 1993, Rejlová et al 2021). In the neighbouring countries, it is recorded in Croatia, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria (Uotila 2011), where the populations are confined to large lowland river floodplains, such as likely Sava river in Croatia (Urfus et al 2021).…”

Section: Urticaceaementioning

confidence: 99%

Material on the annotated checklist of vascular flora of Serbia: Nomenclatural, taxonomic and floristic notes III

Niketić¹,

Tomović²,

Bokic³

et al. 2021

Bull Natural History Museum

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The paper proposes eight new nomenclatural combinations and indicates two new synonyms. There are 11 taxa (species and subspecies) of the vascular flora that are new for the flora of Serbia (of which nine are autochthonous and two allochthonous plants). Two autochthonous species were confirmed for the flora of Serbia. Six plant taxa are a novelty for proper Serbia, Vojvodina, or Kosovo and Metohija. There are eight taxa whose presence in Serbia or in its territorial units has been refuted.

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“…Species with intraspecific ploidy variation (i.e., mixed-ploidy species, Kolář et al 2017) provide insight into polyploid evolution within the frame of a recently shared history and genetic background. One of the consequences of WGD may be a niche shift which may be manifested by a different distribution and/or ecology of cytotypes (e. g., Karunarathne et al 2018;Castro et al 2020;Duchoslav et al 2020;Urfus et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogeography ofGagea bohemica(Liliaceae) outside the Mediterranean: two ploidy levels, spatial differentiation of cytotypes, and occurrence of mixed-ploidy populations

Horák

Trávníček

Király

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Gagea bohemica s. lat. is morphologically and karyologically highly variable group with many morphologically similar "narrow" taxa currently considered as a single variable species. It is predominantly distributed in Mediterranean and warmer parts of temperate belt of Europe. The large-scale data on its cytogeography and population cytotype structure which could provide a basis for taxonomy is lacking, only scattered data on ploidy have been published from various parts of its range. In this study, we sampled 106 populations in broader Central Europe, the northeastern Balkan Peninsula and the northwestern Black Sea coast in order to analyse their ploidy level, genome size and pollen stainability. Two cytotypes, i.e., tetraploid (2n = 48) and pentaploid (2n = 60), were found in the study area using chromosome counting and flow cytometry, both in pure and mixed-ploidy populations. Pure pentaploid populations are mainly distributed in Austria, Czechia, northwestern Hungary and Slovakia while tetraploid cytotype in pure and mixed-ploidy populations forming two lineages which are concentrated into two disjunct geographical areas: western in Germany and Switzerland, and eastern in Bulgaria, southeastern Hungary, northern Greece, Romania, Serbia and Ukraine. The two lineages differ in their genome size regardless of their ploidy, indicating their independent origin. Analysis of pollen stainability using a modified Alexander stain revealed an unusual pattern with tetraploids having a lower pollen stainability (mean 44.29 %) than pentaploids (mean 70.70 %) but the western and eastern populations differed again from each other.

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Whole genome duplication increases ecological niche breadth of the perennial herb Urtica dioica

Cited by 7 publications

References 67 publications

Morphological, ecological and geographic differences between diploids and tetraploids ofSymphytum officinale(Boraginaceae) justify both cytotypes as separate species

Morphological, ecological and geographic differences between diploids and tetraploids ofSymphytum officinale(Boraginaceae) justify both cytotypes as separate species

Material on the annotated checklist of vascular flora of Serbia: Nomenclatural, taxonomic and floristic notes III

Cytogeography ofGagea bohemica(Liliaceae) outside the Mediterranean: two ploidy levels, spatial differentiation of cytotypes, and occurrence of mixed-ploidy populations

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