Whole Genome Sequence Analysis of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Bacteriophage P2

Abstract

Phage P2 was isolated from failed fermentation broth carried out by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IMAU10120. A previous study in our laboratory showed that this phage belonged to the Siphoviridae family. In this study, this phage’s genomic characteristics were analyzed using whole-genome sequencing. It was revealed that phage P2 was 77.9 kb in length and had 39.28% G + C content. Its genome included 96 coding sequences (CDS) and two tRNA genes involved in the function of the structure, DNA replication, packaging, and regulation. Phage P2 had higher host specificity; many tested strains were not infected. Cell wall adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption receptor component of phage P2 might be a part of the cell wall peptidoglycan. This research might enrich the knowledge about genomic information of lactobacillus phages and provide some primary data to establish phage control measures.

Transcriptome analysis of the response of Lactiplantibacillus plantarumIMAU10120 to infection by phage P2

“…The functional annotation of genes in the phage P2 genome is listed in Table S4 according to the previous study (Zhu et al . 2022). Except for the hypothetical protein whose function is unknown, genes in each time category have similar functions.…”

“…Phage P2 encoded its own DNA polymerase, primase and helicase, but no RNAP was annotated (Zhu et al . 2022). RNAP in bacteria is the key enzyme responsible for transcription of DNA into RNA (Wiedermannová et al .…”

“…Among these, 35 had specific functions, including most genes involved in DNA replication, packaging and structure (Zhu et al . 2022). Generally, viral genes are expressed in chronological order to ensure that DNA replication, production and assembly of viral components proceed in an orderly manner (Mojardín and Salas 2016).…”

Inactivation of Lactobacillus Bacteriophages by Dual Chemical Treatments

“…In our previous research, the morphology of phages P1 and P2 were similar, but their structures were slightly different. The tail fibrin (CDs18) of phage P1 was different from that encoded in phage P2's genome (Guo et al 2022). The two electrostatic environments caused by different tail fibrin may enable isopropanol to form isopropanol-water clusters with different stability in aqueous solution, thus affecting the biological efficacy of isopropanol on phages P1 and P2.…”

“…Its whole genome was composed of linear dsDNA, with 73,787 bp in length and 86 predicted CDs. The GC content was 39.17% (Guo et al 2022). When compared to phage P1, phage P2 was smaller, with an isometric capsid about 66.7 ± 3.0 nm and a long noncontractile tail (216.7 ± 3.0 nm long, 12.3 ± 3.0 nm wide) (Chen et al 2019).…”