Whole Grain Intake Reduces Pancreatic Cancer Risk

Lei, Qiucheng; Zheng, Huazhen; Bi, Joffe; Wang, Xinying; Jiang, Tingting; Gao, Xuejin; Tian, Feng; Xu, Min; Wu, Chao; Zhang, Li; Li, Ning; Li, Jieshou

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000002747

Cited by 44 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Bex is one of the ingredients in cereal and the anti-cancer effect of peptides from cereal has previously been demonstrated (33). Furthermore, meta-analyses indicated that cereal reduces cancer risk (34,35). Thus, the present study provides evidence that dietary components are beneficial for cancer prevention and treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Barley grass extract causes apoptosis of cancer cells by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species production

Woo

Kwon

et al. 2017

Biomedical Reports

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Abstract. Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, therefore food products are being investigated for potential prevention or treatment strategies. The ingredient, barley grass extract (Hordeum vulgare L.; Bex) is used to prevent or ameliorate various types of disease. In cancer, Bex has been revealed to inhibit tumor growth. However, its effect on cancer cells is yet to be clearly defined. In the present study, the effect of Bex on cancer cell growth was investigated. Bex inhibited the viabilities of breast and prostate cancer cells according to the results of MTT assays. Accordingly, Bex caused apoptosis, which was confirmed by Annexin V staining and western blot analysis for poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and caspases. Furthermore, Bex increased the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and N-acetyl-L-cystein blocked Bex-induced apoptosis. Therefore, the study demonstrated that Bex causes apoptosis of breast and prostate cancer cells by increasing intracellular ROS levels. IntroductionCancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide (1,2). Despite numerous cancer studies and the development of various anti-cancer therapeutic agents, cancer remains dangerous. Anti-cancer therapeutic agents are chemically or biologically produced, and their effects are well defined (3-7). However, treatments continue to be associated with adverse effects and the majority of patients have an aversion to them (8).Herbal products have long been used to prevent or treat diseases, including cancer (9-12). Furthermore, certain anti-cancer therapeutic agents that are chemically produced originate from herbal products and their chemical characteristics are modified (7,(12)(13)(14). Typically, patients prefer to take herbal products (15-18); herbal products have historically been used as traditional medicines, such as traditional Chinese and Korean medicines, Kampo medicines and Ayurvedic medicine (13,14,19). Certain herbal products were demonstrated to treat cancer and/or reduce the side effects of cancer treatment (13,(15)(16)(17)(19)(20)(21). Therefore, herbal products are considered to be promising for cancer prevention and treatment.Barley grass extract (Hordeum vulgare L.; Bex) has long been used as a food product. Its biological effects have also been addressed by various in vitro and in vivo studies, although evidence there is limited evidence of the efficacy of Bex against specific conditions (22). The effect of Bex on the immune system was revealed in in vitro and in vivo experimental sets (23-25). Accordingly, Bex inhibited atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice by altering the expression levels of cytokines (26). Similarly, Bex repressed lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation (27). Furthermore, its effect in type 2 diabetes was revealed in a genetically engineered mouse model and patients (28,29). Therefore, the effects of Bex on particular diseases have been demonstrated at least in experimental systems. A previous study revealed that Bex caused apoptosis of leukemia and lymphoma cell lines...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Barley grass extract causes apoptosis of cancer cells by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species production

Woo

Kwon

et al. 2017

Biomedical Reports

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“…15 Compared with populations with the lowest intakes of dietary whole grains, the populations with the highest intakes observed significant reductions in the incidence of colorectal cancer by 21%, pancreatic cancer by 24% to 30%, and gastric cancer by 43%. 19,21,22 There was no significant change in the RR of developing prostate cancer between these 2 populations. 23 However, although 2 meta-analyses reported significant reductions in the incidence of developing colorectal cancer, 1 meta-analysis identified a nonsignificant reduction in RR of only 6%.…”

Section: Citation Matrix For Meta-analyses On Type 2 Diabetes Incidmentioning

confidence: 84%

Health Benefits of Dietary Whole Grains: An Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses

McRae

2017

Journal of Chiropractic Medicine

109

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“…Higher whole grain consumption is widely accepted to be able to reduce colorectal cancer risk (Aune et al, 2011;Kyro et al, 2014;Larsson, Giovannucci, Bergkvist, & Wolk, 2005;Schatzkin et al, 2007). Moreover, another meta-analysis of observational studies suggested that whole grain intake was associated with a decreased risk of pancreatic cancer (Lei et al, 2016). However, there was no association between whole grain consumption and prostate cancer (Egeberg et al, 2011), breast cancer among postmenopausal women (Egeberg et al, 2009), and endometrial cancer (Kasum, Nicodemus, Harnack, Jacobs, & Folsom, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of whole grain, refined grain, and cereal consumption with gastric cancer risk: A meta‐analysis of observational studies

Yang

Li³

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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Many studies have analyzed the relationship between cereal, whole, or refined grain and the risk of gastric cancer (GC) and have yielded mixed results. Therefore, we performed a meta‐analysis of observational studies to summarize the available evidence on this topic. Databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies focusing on these associations from inception to October 2017. Summary odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by using either a random‐ or fixed‐effect model according to the between‐studies heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis was also performed. In total, eleven studies that included 530,176 participants were identified. In a pooled analysis of all studies, cereal exposure was not associated with GC risk (OR, 1.11, 95%CI, 0.85–1.36). Specific analyses indicated that whole grain consumption was associated with decreased GC risk (OR, 0.61, 95%CI, 0.40–0.83) and that refined grain consumption was associated with increased GC risk (OR, 1.65, 95%CI, 1.36–1.94). Higher whole grain and lower refined grain intake but not cereal consumption reduces GC risk. This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT03419663).

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Whole Grain Intake Reduces Pancreatic Cancer Risk

Cited by 44 publications

References 43 publications

Barley grass extract causes apoptosis of cancer cells by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species production

Barley grass extract causes apoptosis of cancer cells by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species production

Health Benefits of Dietary Whole Grains: An Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses

Association of whole grain, refined grain, and cereal consumption with gastric cancer risk: A meta‐analysis of observational studies

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