Whole transcriptome profiling reveals major cell types in the cellular immune response against acute and chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection

Abstract

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a common human pathogen that infects over 95% of the population worldwide. In the present study, the whole transcriptome microarray data were generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Chinese children with acute infectious mononucleosis (AIM) and chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV) that were also compared with a publicly available microarray dataset from a study of American college students with AIM. Our study characterized for the first time a broad spectrum of molecular signatures in AIM and CAEBV. The key findings from the transcriptome profiling were validated with qPCR and flow cytometry assays. The most important finding in our study is the discovery of predominant γδ TCR expression and γδ T cell expansion in AIM. This finding, in combination with the striking up-regulation of CD3, CD8 and CD94, suggests that CD8+ T cells and CD94+ NK cells may play a major role in AIM. Moreover, the unique up-regulation of CD64A/B and its significant correlation with the monocyte marker CD14 was observed in CAEBV and that implies an important role of monocytes in CAEBV. In conclusion, our study reveals major cell types (particularly γδ T cells) in the host cellular immune response against AIM and CAEBV.

Plasma protein profiling reflects TH1-driven immune dysregulation in common variable immunodeficiency

“…33 Notably, FcRL6 expression is increased on cytolytic T cells in HIV infection, and increased expression of FCRL6 was recently associated with acute Epstein-Barr virus infection. 34,35 Thus, increased levels of both PDCD1 and FcRL6 are in line with T-cell dysregulation. On the other hand, levels of molecules that augment cellular immune responses, such as TNFRSF9 (4-1BB), which is expressed by activated natural killer cells and CD8 T cells, 36 and TNFRSF4 (OX40), which is mainly expressed by activated CD4 T cells, 37 were increased in plasma of the group with immune dysregulation CVID.…”

Deep Sequencing-Based Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Avian Interferon-Stimulated Genes and Provides Comprehensive Insight into Newcastle Disease Virus-Induced Host Responses

“…With the development of next-generation sequencing, transcriptome analyses have been performed for many viruses, such as Zika, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) [ 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Lung and trachea transcriptomes have also been obtained from resistant and susceptible chicken lines infected with NDV [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Clinical manifestations of infectious mononucleosis in primary or reactivated herpes virus infection

“…При атипичном мононуклеозе форма болезни может быть стертой, бессимптомной и висцеральной (с резкой выраженностью одного или нескольких симптомов) [51]. Обычно проявления купируются самостоятельно в течение до 3 мес; при сохранении заболевания более 3 мес инфекцию считают затяжной, более 6 мес -хронической [51,52]. Несмотря на развитие лабораторной диагностики высокими темпами, не всегда возможно выявить возбудителя инфекционного мононуклеоза [16], но совокупность характерных симптомов дает возможность ставить диагноз на основании клинических признаков без дополнительных лабораторных исследований.…”