Why are some latrines cleaner than others? Determining the factors of habitual cleaning behaviour and latrine cleanliness in rural Burundi

Sonego, Ina Lucia; Mosler, Hans‐Joachim

doi:10.2166/washdev.2014.147

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…In this study, shared sanitation quality was measured as a total entity that included the roof, superstructure, as well as hygienic conditions. Most of these indicators were used by other studies [5–10, 52] that aimed at assessing the hygienic conditions of sanitation facilities. The advantage of using all these indicators as used in this study is that the measure of quality is all-inclusive, and not only focused on hygienic aspects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to cleanliness and maintenance, studies have also highlighted the importance of aspects such as hygienic status of sanitation facilities, state of the superstructure, presence of smell, presence of flies, and the state of the slab (especially in the case of pit latrines) in defining the quality of shared sanitation [5–10]. What is evident from these studies is that quality of sanitation facilities is determined by maintenance practices such as cleaning or lack thereof.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of quality of shared sanitation facilities in informal settlements: case study of Kisumu, Kenya

et al. 2017

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BackgroundShared facilities are not recognised as improved sanitation due to challenges of maintenance as they easily can be avenues for the spread of diseases. Thus there is need to evaluate the quality of shared facilities, especially in informal settlements, where they are commonly used. A shared facility can be equated to a common good whose management depends on the users. If users do not work collectively towards keeping the facility clean, it is likely that the quality may depreciate due to lack of maintenance. This study examined the quality of shared sanitation facilities and used the common pool resource (CPR) management principles to examine the determinants of shared sanitation quality in the informal settlements of Kisumu, Kenya.MethodsUsing a multiple case study design, the study employed both quantitative and qualitative methods. In both phases, users of shared sanitation facilities were interviewed, while shared sanitation facilities were inspected. Shared sanitation quality was a score which was the dependent variable in a regression analysis. Interviews during the qualitative stage were aimed at understanding management practices of shared sanitation users. Qualitative data was analysed thematically by following the CPR principles.ResultsShared facilities, most of which were dirty, were shared by an average of eight households, and their quality decreased with an increase in the number of households sharing. The effect of numbers on quality is explained by behaviour reflected in the CPR principles, as it was easier to define boundaries of shared facilities when there were fewer users who cooperated towards improving their shared sanitation facility. Other factors, such as defined management systems, cooperation, collective decision making, and social norms, also played a role in influencing the behaviour of users towards keeping shared facilities clean and functional.ConclusionApart from hardware factors, quality of shared sanitation is largely due to group behaviour of users. The CPR principles form a crucial lens through which the dynamics of shared sanitation facilities in informal settlements can be understood. Development and policy efforts should incorporate group behaviour as they determine the quality of shared sanitation facilities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of quality of shared sanitation facilities in informal settlements: case study of Kisumu, Kenya

et al. 2017

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“…Household use of latrines and cleaning before or after use could result in cleaner latrines that smell less. Sonego and Mosler (2014) found habitual cleaning behaviour to be the strongest predictor of latrine cleanliness.…”

Section: Relating Status Of Pit Latrines To Their Performancementioning

confidence: 90%

“…Research has shown that the presence of a door, superstructure quality (in terms of height and construction materials for walls) as well as the slab type, affect the cleanliness of a latrine (Sonego & Mosler, 2014). Absence of a roof over the latrine and temporary superstructures as opposed to brick superstructures positively correlated with high numbers of flies (Irish et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of pit latrines in urban poor areas: A case of Kampala, Uganda

Nakagiri

Kulabako

Nyenje

et al. 2015

Habitat International

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a b s t r a c tIn many urban poor areas of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), demand for human excreta disposal is met, predominantly by pit latrines. This study aimed at determining the status of pit latrines (design, construction, operation and maintenance) and its influence on latrine performance (filling, smell and insect nuisance). The study was conducted on 130 pit latrines in typical urban poor areas of Kampala, Uganda. Data on design, construction, usage, operation and performance of the pit latrines was collected by interviews, observations and measurements; and analysed by descriptive statistics, bi-variate analysis and logistic regression. Results showed that the level of pit content was predicted by rain or storm water entry, terrain, cleaning before or after use and number of households using the latrine. Smell was predicted by cleanliness, stance length, superstructure material and whether the latrine was private or public. The predictor of presence of flies was the superstructure material. To improve the performance of pit latrines in urban poor areas, researchers and practitioners should develop local latrine design standards (dimensions, construction materials and number of users) and cleaning guidelines for local policy makers to implement.

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“…[20][21][22][23] It comprises a broad array of potential behavioral determinants derived from major theories of social and health psychology and provides a guideline for selecting behavior change interventions based on behavioral determinants identified in the target populations. The RANAS model has been successfully applied to predict and change the frequency of handwashing at key handwashing situations in several countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contextual and Psychosocial Determinants of Effective Handwashing Technique: Recommendations for Interventions from a Case Study in Harare, Zimbabwe

Friedrich

Binkert

Mosler

2017

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Handwashing has been shown to considerably reduce diarrhea morbidity and mortality. To decontaminate hands effectively, the use of running water, soap, and various scrubbing steps are recommended. This study aims to identify the behavioral determinants of effective handwashing. Everyday handwashing technique of 434 primary caregivers in high-density suburbs of Harare, Zimbabwe, was observed and measured as an 8-point sum score of effective handwashing technique. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to predict observed handwashing technique from potential contextual and psychosocial determinants. Knowledge of how to wash hands effectively, availability of a handwashing station with functioning water tap, self-reported frequency of handwashing, perceived vulnerability, and action planning were the main determinants of effective handwashing technique. The models were able to explain 39% and 36% of the variance in overall handwashing technique and thoroughness of handscrubbing. Memory aids and guided practice are proposed to consolidate action knowledge, and personalized risk messages should increase the perceived vulnerability of contracting diarrhea. Planning where, when, and how to maintain a designated place for handwashing with sufficient soap and water is proposed to increase action planning. Since frequent self-reported handwashing was associated with performing more effective handwashing technique, behavior change interventions should target both handwashing frequency and technique concurrently.

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Why are some latrines cleaner than others? Determining the factors of habitual cleaning behaviour and latrine cleanliness in rural Burundi

Cited by 22 publications

References 0 publications

Determinants of quality of shared sanitation facilities in informal settlements: case study of Kisumu, Kenya

Determinants of quality of shared sanitation facilities in informal settlements: case study of Kisumu, Kenya

Performance of pit latrines in urban poor areas: A case of Kampala, Uganda

Contextual and Psychosocial Determinants of Effective Handwashing Technique: Recommendations for Interventions from a Case Study in Harare, Zimbabwe

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