Why do men who have sex with men practice condomless sex? A systematic review and meta-synthesis

Shen, Yan; Zhang, Ci; Välimäki, Maritta; Qian, Han-Zhu; Mohammadi, Leila; Chi, Yuanyuan; Li, Xianhong

doi:10.1186/s12879-022-07843-z

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 74 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The respondents had an average attitude towards the prevention of Mpox (54%); general practices towards prevention were also average (41%) with most persons (58.2%) having a poor response to prevention practices. Evidence from Shen et al [25] revealed the existence of individual barriers such as lack of HIV/STIrelated knowledge and substance use; interpersonal-level barriers where safe sex was an indication of distrust; and structural-level barriers that may include power imbalance in the sexual relationship; as reasons for unsafe sexual practices among MSM. These can be extrapolated to the attitude and prevention practices found among the community in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, Infection Prevention Practice, and the Stigma of Monkey Pox Disease among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Rivers State: A Cross-Sectional Study

Owhonda

Wali

Eze-Emiri³

et al. 2023

AJMAH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Monkey pox (Mpox) is a zoonotic viral illness that is endemic to Africa. In contrast to earlier years, the current Mpox outbreak has had an unusually rapid worldwide spread in terms of the number of cases, and most of these cases were among Men who have Sex with Men (MSM). The study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice of infection prevention, and stigma of Mpox disease among members of the MSM community. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional design. A self-administered questionnaire was given to 498 respondents. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 30 years; twenty-three (4.6%) of the total respondents identified themselves as female gender. Urban dwellers were 344 (69.1%). Respondents had a good knowledge of both Mpox disease and transmission; an average knowledge of Mpox symptoms; and an average attitude towards prevention and the practice of prevention of Mpox. Age was found to be significantly associated with knowledge of transmission (p-value). Mpox infection was evaluated as a low-risk event by most responses, but the existence of both community stigma and self-stigma if infected were rated as high. Conclusion: The knowledge of Mpox disease and its transmission was good, while the attitude and practice of infection prevention was average. However, the existence of community and self-stigmatization was high; which perhaps may result in the possibility of an iceberg phenomenon of Mpox disease in the MSM community. Community sensitization, advocacy, and key population-friendly services are recommended for the MSM community to improve their general access to healthcare and reduce stigmatisation.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, Infection Prevention Practice, and the Stigma of Monkey Pox Disease among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Rivers State: A Cross-Sectional Study

Owhonda

Wali

Eze-Emiri³

et al. 2023

AJMAH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The second reason most cited was the aversion to using a condom, more frequently cited among people with a low educational level. A recent systematic review revealed that the MSM population believes that not using condoms represents mutual trust and loyalty between sexual partners, while condom use is a symbol of distrust or suspicion regarding the partner's HIV status (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Behavior, Self-declaration of Sexual Orientation, and Violence Experience: National Health Survey, Brazil, 2019

Szwarcwald,

Pascom,

Júnior

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Population surveys involving the monitoring of high-risk sexual behavior have been recognized as important public health tools to control the HIV epidemic and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs).Methods Using data from the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices survey (PCAP-2013) and from the National Health Survey (PNS), indicators of sexual behavior were compared according to sociodemographic characteristics, including size (%) estimates of men who have sex with men (MSM) and women who have sex with women (WSW). To compare PCAP and PNS proportional distributions, the Pearson's chi-square test, adjusted by the Rao-Scott’s correction, was applied. Using data from the PNS-2019, experience of violence (verbal, physical, and sexual) was analyzed according to sexual orientation. Odds ratios (OR) were estimated by logistic regression models using each type of violence as the response variable and sexual orientation (heterosexual, homosexual/bisexual) as the independent variable.Results Size (%) estimates of MSM and WSW, obtained by direct questions from the PCAP-2013, showed lower homosexuality prevalence estimates than those resulting from the PNS-2019 self-declared sexual orientation. Significant differences were found between the MSM proportions according to the PCAP-2013 (3.7%; 95% CI 3.1–4.4%) and to the PNS-2019 (2.2%; 95% CI 1.9–2.5), and between the WSW proportions (4.6%; 95% CI 4.0-5.4%) and (2.1%; 95% CI 1.8–2.4), respectively. Regarding condom use at last sexual intercourse, no differences between the PCAP-2013 and the PNS-2019 estimates were found at the national level, but significant improvements were found for MSM, people aged 18–24 and 25–34 years, and individuals not living with a partner. Violence-related indicators showed that over 40% of homosexual/bisexual men and women have suffered some type of violence in the past 12 months. Regarding sexual violence, at least once in a lifetime, prevalence was 18.1% among MSM, with 10-fold greater odds (9.9; 95% CI 6.7–14.8) than that of heterosexual men. Among WSW, prevalence was 25.6%, with an estimated OR of 3.3 (95% CI 2.4–4.3).Conclusions The findings emphasize the importance of monitoring HIV/STI risk-related practices and violence experienced by sexual minorities at subnational levels in order to strengthen public policies focused on overcoming the persistent homophobic prejudice in the Brazilian society.

show abstract

“…117–172). Since the first step was performed in our previous study [ 44 , 45 ], this study describes the following steps to develop the CRSS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We used the qualitative data from our previous meta-synthesis [ 44 ] to generate an item pool with 87 items. Then, our team brainstormed to reduce the item pool to 53 items.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, using a condom might be considered as disloyal or indicate infection with HIV or a sexually transmitted infection [ 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ], which would be presumed to be caused by MSM’s sociocultural and subcultural context [ 42 , 43 ]. Our team has recently comprehensively defined the concept of condom-related stigma by using concept analysis and meta-synthesis [ 44 , 45 ]. According to Goffman, stigma indicates an inherently undesirable characteristic or property in a particular population, which makes a person feel discreditable or shamed [ 46 ] (pp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Condom-Related Stigma Scale among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China: Development and Psychometric Tests

Shen

Zhang

Goldsamt

et al. 2023

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Condom-related stigma is a frequently mentioned barrier to consistent condom use among men who have sex with men (MSM). Based on the concept and operational definition of condom-related stigma recently defined by our team, we developed the 20-item condom-related stigma scale (CRSS) and examined its psychometric properties among 433 MSM in China, following DeVellis’s scale development guidelines. The content validity, convergent validity, empirical validity, factorial validity, scale score reliability, split-half reliability, and test–retest reliability for the CRSS were all assessed. The scale consists of four domains: perceived distrust, perceived potential HIV/STI risk, perceived embarrassment, and perceived violation of the traditional understanding of sexual intercourse. The CRSS has good validity (the scale-level content validity index was 0.99; the empirical validity was greater than 0.70) and high reliability (the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient overall was 0.926; the split-half reliability overall was 0.795; the test–retest reliability overall was 0.950). This scale is recommended for assessing the level of condom-related stigma among Chinese MSM, which can serve as an evaluating indicator for safer-sex interventions to prevent HIV infection among the MSM population in a Chinese cultural context.

show abstract

Why do men who have sex with men practice condomless sex? A systematic review and meta-synthesis

Cited by 19 publications

References 74 publications

Knowledge, Infection Prevention Practice, and the Stigma of Monkey Pox Disease among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Rivers State: A Cross-Sectional Study

Knowledge, Infection Prevention Practice, and the Stigma of Monkey Pox Disease among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Rivers State: A Cross-Sectional Study

Sexual Behavior, Self-declaration of Sexual Orientation, and Violence Experience: National Health Survey, Brazil, 2019

Condom-Related Stigma Scale among Men Who Have Sex with Men in China: Development and Psychometric Tests

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About