Wideband AC Voltage Standards

Abstract

This article presents a critical review and comparison of constructions and metrological properties of contemporary wideband standards for AC voltage. It focuses on selected thermal voltage converters (TVCs) used in alternating current-direct current (AC-DC) transfer voltage standards and for the most precise measurements of AC voltages up to approximately 100 MHz. These devices serve as primary AC voltage standards at National Measurement Institutes (NMIs).