Wideband Circularly Polarized Substrate Integrated Waveguide Endfire Antenna System With High Gain

Hesari, Sara Salem; Børnemann, Jens

doi:10.1109/lawp.2017.2713720

Cited by 50 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Generally, CP can be achieved using various feed arrangements or slight modifications made to the elements [9]. In [10], two orthogonal modes are excited with a 90 • time-phase difference to circularize the antenna polarization. On the other hand, the use of a thick superstrate above the radiator with an air gap (Fabry-Perot cavity antennas) can be used to increase the gain and improve the axial ratio (AR) significantly [11]; however, these designs possess poor mechanical properties due to the presence of air gap and have high profiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Performance of Circularly Polarized Phased Sub-Array Antennas for 5g Laptop Devices Investigating the Radiation Effects

Mahmoud¹,

Baz²,

Alhakami³

et al. 2021

PIER C

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In this paper, the performance of circularly polarized (CP) adaptive sub-arrays integrated into 5G laptop device is investigated in the presence of a whole-body human phantom model. In addition, the radiation effect of the steered beam patterns has been analyzed by calculating the specific absorption rate distribution and temperature rise. In this target, a single-feed CP antenna element has been firstly designed to resonate at 28 GHz with high realized gain and radiation efficiency. Then, 4 subarrays have been constructed in a rectangular configuration with four-elements for each sub-array. To let the study more realistic, a complete human model is considered to investigate the radiation effects. The measured reflection coefficient and realized gain results of the designed antenna element are found to be −30 dB and 7.82 dB, respectively, in the assigned frequency band. Likewise, the antennas sub-arrays have approximately kept the same impedance matching attitude with high insertion loss of −22 dB and a realized gain and radiation efficiency of 16.85 dB and 86%, respectively, on average. Furthermore, the sub-arrays scan patterns and coverage efficiency have been studied considering the existence of the human body in different scenarios. Regarding the RF exposure, the results show that the resultant maximum values of specific absorption rate and power density do not exceed 1.52 W/kg and 3.5 W/m 2 , respectively, whereas the maximum exposure temperature in such a case is less than 2.8 • C after 30 minutes and decreases to 0.5 • C after a penetration depth of 3 mm which reflects the possibility of safe use.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Performance of Circularly Polarized Phased Sub-Array Antennas for 5g Laptop Devices Investigating the Radiation Effects

Mahmoud¹,

Baz²,

Alhakami³

et al. 2021

PIER C

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4 Also, a threedimensional SIW-driven structure is innovatively adopted in. 5 Several approaches have been developed for SIW horn antennas to realize CP, such as etching a slope-shaped on the middle board of two-layer SIW to generate TE 01 mode between top and bottom layers, 6 loading mutually orthogonal linearly tapered slot antennas with 90 phase difference at the end of SIW horn to form an array, 7 combining H-plane SIW horn antenna and antipodal Vivaldi antenna 8 or linear tapered slot antenna 9 to provide vertical and horizontal electric fields. These CP antennas can almost realize one polarization and you need to rebuild feeding network or replace radiation patch when you want to switch between two CP modes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

28 GHz dual‐layer substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna combined with quad‐polarization

Yang

Zhu

et al. 2021

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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This article presents a compact slot array antenna combined with quad-polarization for mm-wave applications. A novel modified short-circuit termination with inclined slot is proposed in this paper and a dual-layer structure has been adopted to achieve miniaturization and also to design a circular polarization feeding network. Two linear polarization feeding networks are designed independently so that four polarization states can be realized. Four polarization states, namely vertical linear polarization, horizontal linear polarization, left hand circular polarization (LHCP), and right hand circular polarization (RHCP) can be switched by feeding corresponding ports. Judging from impedance matching and axial ratio (AR), the antenna exhibits wide bandwidth. The À10 dB impedance bandwidth and 3 dB AR bandwidth are better than 14.2% (26-30 GHz) with gain about 5-8 dBic for both LHCP and RHCP.The linear polarization states have |S 11 | < À10 dB and a gain of 5-7 dBi over 26.5-29.5 GHz (10.7%). The size of the slot array antenna is 65 Â 65 Â 1.156 mm and measured results are consistent with simulations.

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“…The main advantage of CP lies in its immunity to multi-path interferences and polarization mismatch [10]. CP SIW horn antennas are mainly composed of two or more antenna elements to obtain orthogonal modes [11][12][13][14]. In [15] an inhomogeneous polarizer is placed in front of the antenna aperture to achieve CP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Design of Pixelated SIW Horn Antennas With Nearly Equal Beamwidths Using Binary Ink Stamp Optimization

2021

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In this paper, linearly and circularly polarized single-layer Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) horn antennas with nearly equal half power beamwidths in principal planes for the 24 GHz ISM band are designed. The uniqueness of the solution lies in the application of a pixelated structure to the design of these SIW horn antennas. For the design, a novel heuristic algorithm called Binary Ink Stamp Optimization is proposed. At first, the ability of the proposed algorithm is proved over fifteen benchmark functions and compared with the results of six state-of-the-art optimization algorithms. Then, the novel algorithm is exploited for the design of the pixelated part of the antennas. The antennas are manufactured using low-cost 3D-printing technology. The experimental results prove that the linearly polarized antenna has a reflection coefficient below -18 dB in the whole 24 GHz ISM band. At the center frequency of this band, the antenna gain is 14.2 dBi, and the level of side lobes is below -15 dB in E and H-planes. In addition, E and H-plane half power beamwidths are 26.5˚ and 25˚, respectively. The circularly polarized antenna radiates a right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) wave, the reflection coefficient, and axial ratio are below -12 dB and 3 dB in the whole 24 GHz ISM band, respectively. At the center frequency of this band, the antenna gain is 8.9 dBi and the level of side lobes is below -7.4 dB in both principal planes. Further, the half power beamwidths in principal planes are 30.6° and 33.4°, respectively. INDEX TERMS Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), SIW horn antenna, pixelated antenna, discrete evolutionary algorithm, binary optimization

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Wideband Circularly Polarized Substrate Integrated Waveguide Endfire Antenna System With High Gain

Cited by 50 publications

References 21 publications

The Performance of Circularly Polarized Phased Sub-Array Antennas for 5g Laptop Devices Investigating the Radiation Effects

The Performance of Circularly Polarized Phased Sub-Array Antennas for 5g Laptop Devices Investigating the Radiation Effects

28 GHz dual‐layer substrate integrated waveguide slot array antenna combined with quad‐polarization

The Design of Pixelated SIW Horn Antennas With Nearly Equal Beamwidths Using Binary Ink Stamp Optimization

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