Widely tunable quantum cascade lasers with coupled cavities for gas detection

Fuchs, Peter; Seufert, Jochen; Koeth, Johannes; Semmel, Julia; Höfling, Sven; Worschech, L.; Forchel, A.

doi:10.1063/1.3514247

Cited by 33 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The lasers are dedicated to operate with external optical systems shaping the emission spectrum, e.g., cavities, gratings [52,53]. For instance, lasing wavelength of such lasers is able to be tuned in the range of 180 cm −1 at 8.6 μm and FWHM lasing line up to 7 × 10 −4 cm −1 [44,45], and with output power of up to 300 mW [11,54,55].…”

Section: Visible and Mid-infrared Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of the Application of Cavity Enhanced Spectroscopy to Nitrogen Oxides Detection

Wojtas

Mikołajczyk

Bielecki

2013

Sensors

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This article presents design issues of high-sensitive laser absorption spectroscopy systems for nitrogen oxides (NOx) detection. Examples of our systems and their investigation results are also described. The constructed systems use one of the most sensitive methods, cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy (CEAS). They operate at different wavelength ranges using a blue—violet laser diode (410 nm) as well as quantum cascade lasers (5.27 μm and 4.53 μm). Each of them is configured as a one or two channel measurement device using, e.g., time division multiplexing and averaging. During the testing procedure, the main performance features such as detection limits and measurements uncertainties have been determined. The obtained results are 1 ppb NO2, 75 ppb NO and 45 ppb N2O. For all systems, the uncertainty of concentration measurements does not exceed a value of 13%. Some experiments with explosives are also discussed. A setup equipped with a concentrator of explosives vapours was used. The detection method is based either on the reaction of the sensors to the nitrogen oxides directly emitted by the explosives or on the reaction to the nitrogen oxides produced during thermal decomposition of explosive vapours. For TNT, PETN, RDX and HMX a detection limit better than 1 ng has been achieved.

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Section: Visible and Mid-infrared Lasersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspects of the Application of Cavity Enhanced Spectroscopy to Nitrogen Oxides Detection

Wojtas

Mikołajczyk

Bielecki

2013

Sensors

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“…An alternative approach is to employ monolithic coupled-cavity structures to facilitate single-mode operation. [7][8][9][10][11] Such cavities are more robust than conventional cleaved facet coupled-cavities; however, the structuring of inter-cavity mirrors or micro-resonators involves demanding fabrication steps such as focused ion beam cutting, electron-beam lithography, and/or high quality dry-etching. Previously, we have demonstrated single-mode QC lasers employing a hairpin shaped folded FP cavity 12 which is essentially a monolithic coupledcavity fully compatible with simple ridge laser fabrication.…”

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confidence: 99%

Single-mode quantum cascade lasers employing a candy-cane shaped monolithic coupled cavity

et al. 2011

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“…Here we demonstrate discrete Vernier tuning using a simple two-section coupled-cavity geometry, similar to that used previously for both optical [13,14] and mid-IR lasers [15,16]. A monolithic THz QCL ridge cavity was etched using focused ion beam (FIB) milling to create two coupled FP cavities separated by a narrow air gap [ Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrete Vernier tuning in terahertz quantum cascade lasers using coupled cavities

Kundu¹,

Dean²,

Valavanis³

et al. 2014

Opt. Express

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Discrete Vernier frequency tuning of terahertz quantum cascade lasers is demonstrated using a device comprising a two-section coupledcavity. The two sections are separated by a narrow air gap, which is milled after device packaging using a focused ion beam. One section of the device (the lasing section) is electrically biased above threshold using a short current pulse, while the other section (the tuning section) is biased below threshold with a wider current pulse to achieve controlled localized electrical heating. The resulting thermally-induced shift in the longitudinal cavity modes of the tuning section is engineered to produce either a controllable blue shift or red shift of the emission frequency. This discrete Vernier frequency tuning far exceeds the tuning achievable from standard ridge lasers, and does not lead to any corresponding change in emitted power. Discrete tuning was observed over bandwidths of 50 and 85 GHz in a pair of devices, each using different design schemes. Interchanging the lasing and tuning sections of the same devices yielded red shifts of 20 and 30 GHz, respectively. 659-670 (1984

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Widely tunable quantum cascade lasers with coupled cavities for gas detection

Cited by 33 publications

References 15 publications

Aspects of the Application of Cavity Enhanced Spectroscopy to Nitrogen Oxides Detection

Aspects of the Application of Cavity Enhanced Spectroscopy to Nitrogen Oxides Detection

Single-mode quantum cascade lasers employing a candy-cane shaped monolithic coupled cavity

Discrete Vernier tuning in terahertz quantum cascade lasers using coupled cavities

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