Wildfires in Chile: A review

Úbeda, Xavier; Sarricolea, Pablo

doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2016.10.004

Cited by 145 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…It deserves special mention that during the last years, strong fires have occurred across Central Chile (Garfias et al 2012). Surely, all of these fires were originated by people with devastating ecological effects (CONAF 2015; Úbeda and Sarricolea 2016). From the point of view of Pinus radiata, this scenario reduced strongly the native cover, therefore there are optimal conditions to increase invasion as it has been documented by previous studies in other regions of the world (Gómez and Hahn 2017; Richardson et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest canopy, a proxi of light intensity, arrests Pinus radiata invasion: basic science to conserve the Coastal Maulino forest, Central Chile

Gómez

Murúa

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Coastal Maulino forest is an endemic forest of central Chile, which has suffered a large history of disturbance, being replaced by large extensions of Pinus radiata plantations. This land transformation conveys high rates of pines invasion into native remnants. In this study we examined to what extent structural features of forest patches explains invisibility of this forest-type. Within eight forest fragments, we sampled 162 plots (10 x 10 m² each). We quantified seedling pine density and related this estimates with tree cover, litter depth, PAR radiation, and diversity of the resident community. Our results indicate that canopy cover was the most important variable to determine seedling pine density within forest fragments. To preserve the Coastal Maulino forest and the biodiversity containing on it, it seems to be necessary to maintain the native canopy cover. These actions can be highly effective even if we cannot avoid a massive seed arrival from pine plantations which will be unable to regenerate under well conserved native forests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest canopy, a proxi of light intensity, arrests Pinus radiata invasion: basic science to conserve the Coastal Maulino forest, Central Chile

Gómez

Murúa

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…En este sentido, la disminución de la frecuencia y magnitud de los incendios, debe estar ligada a mejoras en campañas de prevención y manejo respecto a estos eventos, considerando que se espera una disminución en las precipitaciones y un aumento en la temperatura durante los próximos 70 años para la región (Blondel & Fernández, 2012;Luebert & Pliscoff, 2012). Tanto Chile como otros países mediterráneos, enfrentan una considerable presión antrópica sobre los ecosistemas naturales (Úbeda & Sarricolea, 2016), por lo que es de vital importancia informar a la población, las medidas de prevención de incendios forestales existentes.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Plantaciones forestales y su extensión hacia áreas urbanas en el área metropolitana de Valparaíso y su relación con el aumento de incendios forestales

2017

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A partir de la década de los 70 en Chile central, la expansión de las plantaciones forestales ha sido una de las principales causas de la modificación del paisaje, siendo influenciada por los cambios de cobertura de la superficie terrestre. Considerando el contexto nacional de los incendios forestales que ocurrieron durante el verano de 2017, existe una opinión generalizada que la ocurrencia de estos eventos está relacionada con la proximidad y el acercamiento de las plantaciones a las áreas urbanas, especialmente en el Área Metropolitana de Valparaíso (AMV). Desde esta perspectiva se analizó la disminución dela distancia entre la expansión de las plantaciones forestales y la expansión del suelo urbano en el AMV utilizando una clasificación supervisada de imágenes Landsat para los años 1989 y 2015. Adicionalmente se realiza un análisis sobre el grado de severidad de los incendios y se calculan métricas del paisaje por medio del programa FRAGSTATS. Los principales resultados muestran un aumento de superficie para las plantaciones forestales para el año 2015, duplicando su tamaño con respecto al 1989. A partir de las métricas estudiadas se observó una mayor heterogeneidad en el paisaje. Con respecto al índice de severidad se observa un mayor grado en plantaciones forestales con respecto a otras coberturas como agricultura o matorral espinoso.

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“…A striking example of altered disturbance regimes involves changes in the frequency, severity, and seasonality of anthropogenic fires (e.g. south‐central Chile; Ubeda & Sarricolea ). During the summer of 2017, the worst catastrophic wildfires in the last 50 years occurred in south‐central Chile, affecting nearly 600,000 ha (54.7% exotic plantations and 17.4% native forests, CONAF ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major bottlenecks for the restoration of natural forests in Chile

Bannister¹,

Vargas-Gaete

Ovalle

et al. 2018

Restoration Ecology

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International agreements combined with the recent Chilean Forestry Policy (2015-2035) represent a challenge and an opportunity for forest landscape restoration in Chile. Nevertheless, restoring over 500,000 ha using mainly native species seems like a daunting task by 2035. Here, we discuss the three major bottlenecks that currently constrain the restoration efforts of forest ecosystems in Chile. First, Chile urgently needs a national strategic plan for forest landscape restoration, which should take into account mid-and long-term goals. There is also a need to prioritize resource allocation for efficient use, promoting the creation of economic subsidies for restoration that consider different types of forest ecosystems. Second, there is a great need for better nursery protocols in plant production as well as to strengthen educational programs for professional and technical training, given the lack of high-quality personnel in Chilean nurseries. This would help increase the currently limited national plant supply, improving quality and increasing the diversity of native species suitable for forest restoration. Lastly, taking advantage of novel eco-technological tools and promoting innovative plantation design would help to overcome the usually deficient results in the establishment phase, leading to higher survival rates and promoting better performance of native species. Beyond current experiments that are relatively efficient on a small spatial scale, the practice of forest restoration needs to become massive and successful at a landscape scale. More and better applied research is crucial for improving the impact of forest landscape restoration, so that Chile can achieve its forest restoration challenge in the next decade.

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Wildfires in Chile: A review

Cited by 145 publications

References 41 publications

Forest canopy, a proxi of light intensity, arrests Pinus radiata invasion: basic science to conserve the Coastal Maulino forest, Central Chile

Forest canopy, a proxi of light intensity, arrests Pinus radiata invasion: basic science to conserve the Coastal Maulino forest, Central Chile

Plantaciones forestales y su extensión hacia áreas urbanas en el área metropolitana de Valparaíso y su relación con el aumento de incendios forestales

Major bottlenecks for the restoration of natural forests in Chile

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