Will Port Integration Help Reduce Carbon Emissions and Improve Social Welfare?

Abstract

In the context of competition between two ports in Cournot, we studied optimal decision-making processes for the government and the port in four different situations before and after the integration of the port based on the subsidy and carbon tax mechanism. We analyzed the impacts of the carbon tax rate and emission reduction subsidy rate on social welfare and determined the optimal carbon tax rate, the optimal emission reduction subsidy rate, the optimal carbon emission level, and the optimal social welfare level in different situations. We also compared the optimal social welfare level and the optimal carbon emission level of the four situations before and after the integration. This research can be used as a policy reference for the government for the formation of environmental policies based on the goal of maximizing social welfare, and it could also be used for the port’s internal decision-making when the environmental policy has been set.

A Tripartite Evolutionary Game Model for Carbon Reduction Decisions in Shipping Industry

“…Gan et al (2021) among seaports under different carbon emission policies and the impact of the policies on port services [16]. Teng et al (2021) study the optimal decision-making process of governments and ports in four different scenarios before and after port consolidation based on subsidy and carbon tax mechanisms [17]. Yin et al ( 2021) developed a 0-1 planning model to minimize carbon emissions from multimodal transport between seaports and inland areas [18].…”