“…The effect of such policies on prices, however, is a matter of controversy in the literature. On the one hand, as several scholars have found, although these policies do affect energy prices, they have only moderate or even negative effects on inflation (Ferrari & Nispi Landi, 2022;Konradt & Weder Di Mauro, 2023;Moessner, 2022a). Ciccarelli and Marotta (2024) argue that while carbon taxes have an impact on energy prices, this does not lead to higher increases in core prices.…”