William Prout: Early 19th Century Physician-Chemist

Rosenfeld, Louis

doi:10.1373/49.4.699

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The function of the goat stomach has been studied, but the specific function of the stomach has not been fully understand so far [ 16 , 17 ]. Previous study has demonstrated that the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis as well as changes in gastrointestinal tissue can be increased by physiological responses to stressors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of transport stress on pathological injury and expression of main heat shock proteins in the caprine stomach

Tian

Yang

et al. 2020

BMC Vet Res

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Background Transportation is necessary to introduce new breeds of goats to the farm and move the adult meat goat from the farm to the slaughterhouse. However, these actions may give rise to transport stress. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are playing some important regulate roles during transport stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of transport stress on the pathological injury and HSPs expression in the stomach of goats. A total of three batches of Ganxi goats from western Jiangxi province were enrolled in this study. For each batch, twelve healthy adult male goats were randomly divided into three groups (four goats per batch and per group): Control group, stress group transported during 2 h and stress group transported during 6 h. Results Our results showed that the different degrees of stomach walls damage, with the change of expression levels of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), occurred after goats transportation. In rumen, the mRNA and protein expressions of HSP27 and HSP70 were increased after transport stress, but not HSP90. In reticulum, all three HSPs mRNA and protein levels were upregulated after 2 h transport, but decreased after 6 h transport. In omasum, HSP27 and HSP70 mRNA and protein were increased after transport stress, however, HSP90 mRNA level only had a slightly enhancement after transport stress. In abomasum, HSP70 and HSP90 mRNA and protein levels were increased after transport stress, but HSP27 was decreased after transport stress. Conclusions Taken together, these results revealed that the pathological changes in the gastric tissues and the stomach HSPs expression in goats are related to transport stress and duration. Moreover, this study also provides some new data to advocate reducing transport stress of goats and improving animal welfare.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of transport stress on pathological injury and expression of main heat shock proteins in the caprine stomach

Tian

Yang

et al. 2020

BMC Vet Res

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“…At the oral administration of single dose, observations for toxic symptoms, such as behavioral changes, loco-motion, convulsion and mortality, at day time and then overnight were made. While there was no mortality at phase 1, at phase 2, higher doses were administered to two rats each, of 12 groups, of twenty four (24) 5000) mg/kg body weight respectively. Observation of toxic signs made include; paw licking, salvation, rubbing of nose on floor, change in body weight and death within 24 hours.…”

Section: Oral Acute Toxicity (Ld 50 ) Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was no significant (p<0.05) difference in the concentration of potassium between test groups and control group. Increased serum urea concentration could be due to dietary protein content of the cooked bean, since urea is synthesized from protein catabolism as a nitrogenous waste product of metabolism and because dietary protein influences the amount of blood urea 23,24 . In a kidney disease condition, consumption of protein, vitamins, minerals and calories in the proper and healthy measure is vital to keep the kidney condition from getting worse 25 .…”

Section: Figure 1: Concentration Of Total Protein Of Rats Treated Witmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Raw and Cooked Aqueous and Methanol Extracts of Phaseolus Vulgaris (Kidney Beans) on Renal Function in Albino Wistar Rats

Idoko

et al. 2020

Univ J Pharm Res

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Objective: Phaseolus vulgaris, like other beans, is endowed with rich nutritional contents. This study evaluated the effects of raw and cooked aqueous and methanol extracts of P. vulgaris on renal function in albino Wistar rats. Methods: Oral acute toxicity (LD50) study of both extracts was conducted in two phases. In the main design, a total 36 Wistar albino rats were used and divided into nine groups of four rats and oral administration lasted for 7 days. Group 1 served as control and 2 – 9 treated groups. Groups 2 and 3; 4 and 5 were administered aqueous extracts while groups 6 and 7; 8 and 9 were administered methanol extracts of 350mg/kg and 550mg/kg body weight raw and cooked P. vulgaris respectively. Results: Results of LD50 of all extracts were greater than 5000mg/kg. Results showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in concentrations of urea and chloride across test groups administered aqueous extracts, than methanol extracts; a significant (P<0.05) increase in serum creatinine in test groups administered methanol extracts; a significant (P<0.05) increase of serum total protein of test groups compared to control; no significant (P<0.05) difference in the concentration of potassium in test groups administered compared to control group. Conclusion: It may be concluded that P. vulgaris portrays potentials capable of improving renal function and its consumption may contribute to the wellness of a person due to its rich nutrients, and based on the duration of this work and standard scale of toxicity; the extracts are practically non- toxic since the LD50 was greater than 5000mg/kg. Peer Review History: Received 7 June 2020; Revised 25 June; Accepted 3 July, Available online 15 July 2020 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.0/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Name: Dr. Ali Gamal Ahmed Al-kaf Affiliation: Sana'a university, Yemen E-mail: alialkaf21@gmail.com Name: Ahmad Najib Affiliation: Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia E-mail: ahmad.najib@umi.ac.id Comments of reviewer(s): Similar Articles: ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF BAPHIA NITIDA EVALUATION OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF EUPHORBIA NERIIFOLIA STEM BARK ON BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS, SERUM AND TISSUE LIPIDS IN A PRECLINICAL MODEL ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC AND ANTI-OXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF GONGRONEMA LATIFOLIUM

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“…In 1823, William Prout (1785–1850) identified HCl as the main acid in the stomach, determining Cl − and H + concentrations by titrating with silver nitrate and caustic potash solution (KOH) (Prout, ) [reviewed in (Rosenfeld, ; Kousoulis et al ., )]. However, his work, presented at the Royal Society of London, was not widely accepted for many years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chloride anion as a signalling effector

Valdivieso

Santa‐Coloma

2019

Biological Reviews

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The specific role of the chloride anion (Cl−) as a signalling effector or second messenger has been increasingly recognized in recent years. It could represent a key factor in the regulation of cellular homeostasis. Changes in intracellular Cl− concentration affect diverse cellular functions such as gene and protein expression and activities, post‐translational modifications of proteins, cellular volume, cell cycle, cell proliferation and differentiation, membrane potential, reactive oxygen species levels, and intracellular/extracellular pH. Cl− also modulates functions in different organelles, including endosomes, phagosomes, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. A better knowledge of Cl− signalling could help in understanding the molecular and metabolic changes seen in pathologies with altered Cl− transport or under physiological conditions. Here we review relevant evidence supporting the role of Cl− as a signalling effector.

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William Prout: Early 19th Century Physician-Chemist

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Effects of transport stress on pathological injury and expression of main heat shock proteins in the caprine stomach

Effects of transport stress on pathological injury and expression of main heat shock proteins in the caprine stomach

Effects of Raw and Cooked Aqueous and Methanol Extracts of Phaseolus Vulgaris (Kidney Beans) on Renal Function in Albino Wistar Rats

The chloride anion as a signalling effector

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