Wind-dispersed diseases

Hau, B.; Vallavieille‐Pope, C. de

doi:10.1007/1-4020-4581-6_15

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Also for the highly resistant differentials P53 and P54, the frequency of virulences increased by 12% although they were not grown in this experiment. Possibly, the matching virulences occurred together with some of the used virulences resulting in a "hitchhiking effect" as described by Hau and de Vallavieille-Pope (2006). Interestingly, the highly virulent pathogen populations at the end of the natural epidemic in 2001 were much less virulent at the beginning of the second year 2002 (Fig.…”

Section: Temporal Dynamics and Spatial Variationmentioning

confidence: 84%

Diversity, spatial variation, and temporal dynamics of virulences in the German leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. secalis) population in winter rye

et al. 2011

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A large collection of German rye leaf rust isolates was analysed to characterize the diversity, spatial variation and temporal dynamics of virulences. Virulence-avirulence phenotypes (=pathotypes) were determined on 23 host differentials. We found 93 pathotypes among 177 single-uredinial isolates in 2000, 201 pathotypes among 437 isolates in 2001, and 125 pathotypes among 213 isolates in 2002. In total, the 827 analyzed isolates represented 317 pathotypes. Frequency of virulences on the individual differentials varied from 2% to 97%. Eight of the differentials showed a high resistance level with virulence frequencies <10%. Virulence complexity of the isolates ranged from 3 to 21 with a mean of nine. The percentages of highly virulent isolates (>14 virulences) increased from 4 to 15% during the sampling period. A high level of virulence diversity was observed within and between individual sampling sites with Simpson indices around 0.9. Evenness indices ranged from 0.88 to 0.92. Four of the five most frequent pathotypes were found in each year but their frequency never exceeded 10%. Isolates with unusual virulence combinations could be clearly separated by principal component analysis. Locationspecific pathotype frequencies were revealed in each year, but the frequency patterns varied across years. On four fields a considerable increase of highly virulent pathotypes occurred within 6 weeks during the epidemic. The high diversity of pathotypes as well as the fast accumulation of highly virulent Eur J Plant Pathol (2012) 132:23-35 pathotypes favour the adaptation of the pathogen to race-specific host resistances. More durable resistance might be achievable by combining new effective racespecific resistances with adult-plant and/or race-nonspecific quantitative resistances.

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Section: Temporal Dynamics and Spatial Variationmentioning

confidence: 84%

Diversity, spatial variation, and temporal dynamics of virulences in the German leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. secalis) population in winter rye

et al. 2011

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“…Wheat stripe rust (or yellow rust), caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most destructive wheat (Triticum aestivum) diseases worldwide (Hau and de Vallavieille-Pope, 2006;Saari and Prescott, 1985;Villaréal et al, 2002).The fungus is strictly biotrophic and completely dependent on living host cells for reproduction, which has largely hindered the deciphering of the mechanism of the wheat-Pst interaction. Therefore, we constructed a cDNA library with RNA from wheat infected by the virulent race CYR31 to analyse the transcripts (Ma et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TaEIL1, a wheat homologue of AtEIN3, acts as a negative regulator in the wheat–stripe rust fungus interaction

Duan

Wang

Fù

et al. 2013

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in the transcriptional regulation of plant development and defence responses. Increasing evidence has implicated ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3) in the plant defence response to pathogen infection and environmental stimuli. However, the role of EIN3 in wheat resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) is not clear. Here, TaEIL1 was isolated by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) based on a sequence fragment from a wheat-Pst interaction cDNA library. The TaEIL1 protein contains a typical EIN3-binding domain, and transient expression analyses indicated that TaEIL1 is localized in the nucleus. Yeast one-hybrid assay revealed that TaEIL1 exhibits transcriptional activity, and its C-terminus is necessary for the activation of transcription. TaEIL1 transcripts were regulated by environmental stress stimuli and were decreased under salicylic acid (SA) treatment. When wheat leaves were challenged with Pst, the transcript level of TaEIL1 in the compatible interaction was approximately three times higher than that in the incompatible interaction. Knocking down TaEIL1 through the Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) system attenuated the growth of Pst, with shortened hyphae and reduced hyphal branches, haustorial mother cells and colony size. Moreover, enhanced necrosis was triggered by the Pst avirulent race CYR23, indicating that the hypersensitive response was strengthened in TaEIL1-silenced wheat plants. Thus, the up-regulation of defence-related genes and increased sucrose abundance might contribute to the enhanced disease resistance of wheat to the virulent race CYR31. Taken together, the results suggested that the suppression of TaEIL1 transcripts could enhance the resistance of wheat to stripe rust fungus.

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“…f. sp. tritici is a fungal pathogen responsible for stripe rust, one of the most widespread wheat diseases in the world, which causes yield losses of up to 40% (9,28). This biotrophic fungus reproduces asexually with no known alternate host (32) and spreads by means of airborne dicaryotic uredospores.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genetic Variability in Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici Populations Sampled on a Local Scale during Natural Epidemics

Villaréal¹,

Lannou²,

Vallavieille‐Pope³

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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This study investigated genetic polymorphism on a local scale in Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici populations during natural epidemics, in four fields located in northern France and sampled in 1998 or 1999. Two hundred and forty-seven isolates were analyzed for their amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) pattern through four primer combinations, and 194 of them were also tested for their virulence factors. Only one or two pathotypes were found in each field, and all isolates had virulence v17, matching the recently introduced Yr17 resistance gene. Polymorphism on a field scale was low. Although 67 loci were polymorphic, 77% of the isolates had the same AFLP pattern, all other patterns being rare or unique. Analyses of the genetic distance between AFLP patterns based on the Jaccard index allowed us to define 12 groups, but a bootstrap analysis showed that all isolates could be assigned to a single clonal lineage. This leads us to conclude that P. striiformis f. sp. tritici populations are clonal on a field scale in northern France.

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Wind-dispersed diseases

Cited by 29 publications

References 121 publications

Diversity, spatial variation, and temporal dynamics of virulences in the German leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. secalis) population in winter rye

Diversity, spatial variation, and temporal dynamics of virulences in the German leaf rust (Puccinia recondita f. sp. secalis) population in winter rye

TaEIL1, a wheat homologue of AtEIN3, acts as a negative regulator in the wheat–stripe rust fungus interaction

Genetic Variability in Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici Populations Sampled on a Local Scale during Natural Epidemics

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