Wind Power Resource Assessment in Complex Terrain: Villonaco Case-study Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis

Ayala, Miquel Corominas i; Maldonado, Jorge Luis; Paccha, E.; Riba, Carles

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2016.12.127

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The simple measurement strategy with a representative ground-level anemometer can be regarded as a proof of concept, leading to an improved estimation of spatial wind deviations for M1 when comparing it to unreferenced data. The wind speed variations are rather high but comparable to other campaigns in complex terrain (El Bahlouli et al, 2019;Wildmann et al, 2017). A plausible explanation for a decrease in wind speed directly on top of the ridge has not yet been found.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Normalised variations in the stationary reference and the WindLocator data are on a comparable order of magnitude (−70 % compared to the maximum wind speed). Because those are comparable and even higher than expected spatial variations (El Bahlouli et al, 2019;Wildmann et al, 2017) by up to 30 %, temporal variations clearly have to be compensated for to achieve successful measurement. Figure 15 shows turbulence intensities measured at each single point.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Method for airborne measurement of the spatial wind speed distribution above complex terrain

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Wind farm sites in complex terrain are subject to local wind phenomena, which have a relevant impact on a wind turbine's annual energy production. To reduce investment risk, an extensive site evaluation is therefore mandatory. Stationary long-term measurements are supplemented by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, which are a commonly used tool to analyse and understand the three-dimensional wind flow above complex terrain. Though under intensive research, such simulations still show a high sensitivity to various input parameters like terrain, atmosphere and numerical setup. In this paper, a different approach aims to measure instead of simulate wind speed deviations above complex terrain by using a flexible, airborne measurement system. An unmanned aerial vehicle is equipped with a standard ultrasonic anemometer. The uncertainty in the system is evaluated against stationary anemometer data at different heights and shows very good agreement, especially in mean wind speed (< 0.12 m s−1) and mean direction (< 2.4∘) estimation. A test measurement was conducted above a forested and hilly site to analyse the spatial and temporal variability in the wind situation. A position-dependent difference in wind speed increase of up to 30 % compared to a stationary anemometer is detected.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method for airborne measurement of the spatial wind speed distribution above complex terrain

et al. 2021

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“…This approach combines the multiple stream tube model (based on the BEM method) and double actuator theory [47], where the region of a complete rotation of the turbine is divided into two parts by an imaginary straight line that runs through the hub and perpendicular to the wind flow. The part that encounters the incoming wind first is called the upstream side and the other part of the wake is called the downstream side.…”

Section: Double Multiple Stream Tube Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double-Multiple Streamtube Analysis of a Flexible Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

Roy

Kincaid

Mahmud

et al. 2021

Fluids

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Vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) have drawn increased attention for off-grid and off-shore power generation due to inherent advantages over the more popular horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs). Among these advantages are generator locale, omni-directionality and simplistic design. However, one major disadvantage is lower efficiency, which can be alleviated through blade pitching. Since each blade must transit both up- and down-stream each revolution, VAWT blade pitching techniques are not yet commonplace due to increased complexity and cost. Utilizing passively-morphing flexible blades can offer similar results as active pitching, requiring no sensors or actuators, and has shown promise in increasing VAWT performance in select cases. In this study, wind tunnel tests have been conducted with flexible and rigid-bladed NACA 0012 airfoils, in order to provide necessary input data for a Double-Multiple Stream-Tube (DMST) model. The results from this study indicate that a passively-morphing VAWT can achieve a maximum power coefficient (Cp) far exceeding that for a rigid-bladed VAWT CP (18.9% vs. 10%) with reduced normal force fluctuations as much as 6.9%. Operational range of tip-speed ratio also is observed to increase by a maximum of 40.3%.

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“…VWF is the first wind farm in continental Ecuador, has an installed capacity of 16.5 MW and is located in mountainous terrain at approximately 2720 m a.s.l. (Ayala et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind power forecasting for the Villonaco wind farm

et al. 2020

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Wind energy is a non-programmable form of generation, hence, accurate and reliable wind energy prediction is of great importance for the efficient operation of wind farms. This article presents a study for the prediction of active power for the Villonaco Wind Farm (VWF), located in southern Ecuador at approximately 2700 m above sea level. Through the use of artificial neural networks, experimental tests are developed based on the models of Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to obtain a hybrid model that fits the best characteristics of the individual models. Data from the active power SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system for the years 2014 to 2018 are used to train and validate the models. Hybrid model is presented as the most appropriate option by the values obtained, viz., the mean absolute error (MAE), the mean squared error (MSE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) that were 0.1365, 0.0974, and 144.26, respectively, outperforming to the others wind power forecast models.

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Wind Power Resource Assessment in Complex Terrain: Villonaco Case-study Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis

Cited by 33 publications

References 10 publications

Method for airborne measurement of the spatial wind speed distribution above complex terrain

Method for airborne measurement of the spatial wind speed distribution above complex terrain

Double-Multiple Streamtube Analysis of a Flexible Vertical Axis Wind Turbine

Wind power forecasting for the Villonaco wind farm

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