Wind resource and energy potential assessment of the Sujawal site, Sindh Pakistan

Abstract

PurposeThe objective of this paper to assess the wind energy potential of the Sujawal site for minimizing the dependence on fossil fuels.Design/methodology/approachThe site-specific wind shear coefficient and the turbulence model were investigated. The two-parameter, k and c, Weibull distribution function was used to analyze the wind speed of the Sujawal site. The standard deviation of the site was also assessed for a period of a year. Also, the coefficient of variation was carried out to determine the difference at each height. The wind power and energy densities were assessed for a period of a year. The economic assessment of energy/kWh was investigated for selection of appropriate wind turbine.FindingsThe mean wind shear of the Sujawal site was found to be 0.274. The mean wind speed was found to be 7.458, 6.911, 6.438 and 5.347 at 80, 60, 40 and 20 m, respectively, above the ground level (AGL). The mean values of k parameter were observed to be 2.302, 2.767, 3.026 and 3.105 at 20, 40, 60 and 80 m, respectively, for a period of a year. The Weibull c m/s parameter values were found to be 8.415, 7.797, 7.265 and 6.084 m/s at 80, 60, 40 and 20 m, respectively. The mean values of standard deviation were found to be 0.765, 0.737, 0.681 and 0.650 at 20, 40, 60, and 80 m, respectively. The mean wind power density (W/m2) was found to be 287.33, 357.16, 405.16 and 659.58 for 20, 40, 60 and 80 m, respectively. The economic assessment showed that wind turbine 7 had the minimum cost/kWh US$ 0.0298.Originality/valueThe Sujawal site is suitable for installing the utility wind turbines for energy generation at the lowest cost; hence, a sustainable solution.

Power policies, challenges, and recommendations of renewable resource assessment in Pakistan

“…The most important among these is Gharo-Ketti Bandar wind corridor fall in southern part of Pakistan was accounts for 50 GW and prioritized by the GOP. The recent studies of wind resource and economic assessment of this region has been given in following literature (Hulio, 2020;Hulio et al, 2021aHulio et al, , 2021bHulio and Jiang, 2020). The wind resource and energy economic assessment of Gharo site has been carried out at 10, 30 and 50 m. The authors concluded that the site is suitable for isntalling the utility wind turbines (Hulio, 2021).…”

“…In another wind resource assessmnet of Karachi Port Trust (KPT) has been carried at 10 and 30 m that showed site has potential for energy output (Hulio and Jiang, 2020). The wind resource and energy potential assessment of the Sujawal site was investigated to determine the potential of site at 20, 40, 60 and 80 m in (Hulio, 2020). To assess the wind resouce and energy potential of Sanghar site, the detailed study was carried out at three hieghts including 20, 40 and 60 m. The site witnessed the potential of energy generation at lowest cost (Hulio et al, 2021a).…”

Analyzing Pakistan’s Renewable Energy Potential: A Review of the Country’s Energy Policy, Its Challenges, and Recommendations

“…The Republican Party emphasized southern Pakistan's 50 GW Gharo Ketti Bandar wind corridors. The following publications contain information on the wind resource and economic assessment [36,37]. Gharo's wind resource and energy economics were meas ured at 10, 30, and 50 m. The authors found the site suitable for utility wind turbines [38] Karachi Port Trust's (KPT) wind resource analysis reveals that the site can produce powe [36].…”

“…The following publications contain information on the wind resource and economic assessment [36,37]. Gharo's wind resource and energy economics were meas ured at 10, 30, and 50 m. The authors found the site suitable for utility wind turbines [38] Karachi Port Trust's (KPT) wind resource analysis reveals that the site can produce powe [36]. Sujawal's wind resource and energy potential were assessed at 20, 40, 60, and 80 m [36].…”

Statistical analysis of wind resource and energy potential assessment of Sanghar site, Sindh Pakistan

“…The economic analysis is significant for the realization of wind energy projects. According to the rule of thumb, the projected cost of a wind turbine is US$1,000/kW (Association, Danish Wind Turbine Manufacturers, 1999; Ullah and Chipperfield, 2010; Hulio, 2020). For cost analysis, other significant parameters considered for economic assessment including installation cost taken as 20%, maintenance and operation cost as 2%; and the real interest rate was taken as 5%.…”