2014
DOI: 10.1007/s13364-014-0190-0
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Winter severity or supplementary feeding—which matters more for wild boar?

Abstract: During recent decades, wild boar have successfully colonised areas previously believed to be unsuitable for the species. Estonia lies close to the northern limit of the species range, and mast foods, which are a common natural food source for many wild boar populations, are practically absent. We hypothesised that the proportion of cultivated area and especially supplementary feeding, which is widely used in Estonia to lower the winter mortality of game species, play important roles in sustaining the local wil… Show more

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Cited by 31 publications
(22 citation statements)
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“…The presence of feeding station sites where food is provided represents an easily accessible and concentrated source of food that can be opportunistically used under such high energetic demands. The intensive use of feeding station sites when environmental conditions were severe has been reported also in other ungulates (e.g., elk Cervus canadensis: Mangus 2011, wild boar Sus scrofa: Oja et al 2014). Interactive effects between latitude and altitude (that we used as a factor to control for study area) also supported the adverse weather condition hypothesis.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 77%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The presence of feeding station sites where food is provided represents an easily accessible and concentrated source of food that can be opportunistically used under such high energetic demands. The intensive use of feeding station sites when environmental conditions were severe has been reported also in other ungulates (e.g., elk Cervus canadensis: Mangus 2011, wild boar Sus scrofa: Oja et al 2014). Interactive effects between latitude and altitude (that we used as a factor to control for study area) also supported the adverse weather condition hypothesis.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 77%
“…The intensive use of feeding station sites when environmental conditions were severe has been reported also in other ungulates (e.g., elk Cervus canadensis : Mangus , wild boar Sus scrofa : Oja et al. ). Interactive effects between latitude and altitude (that we used as a factor to control for study area) also supported the adverse weather condition hypothesis.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 67%
“…In our analysis, we tested effects of female body mass and season, as well as temporal variations in mean January temperature (sensu Melis et al 2006, Oja et al 2014, mean summer temperature and total summer precipitation (sensu Cellina 2008), on wild boar pregnancy rate and litter size. Following the approach of Grosbois et al (2008), we used generalized linear models (GLM) and analysis of deviance to determine which predictor variables that potentially could affect the response variable, with the effect of year taken into account, and consequently which covariates that should be included in the final models.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Temperature and precipitation may also affect the proportion of breeding females (Servanty et al 2009), with drier and warmer summers resulting in decreased reproduction (Cellina 2008). To our knowledge, no studies have explicitly studied effects of winter climate on the reproductive output, but population density have been reported to correlate positively with winter temperature (Melis et al 2006, Oja et al 2014, Vetter et al 2015. The species show a high level of plasticity and are able to explore increased or pulsed resources efficiently (Schley and Roper 2003).…”
Section: Effects Of Female Body Mass and Climate On Reproduction In Nmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For this species remarkable adaptability, wild boar populations expand their geographic range and can be found in a variety of habitats and climates [3,4]. Successful range expansion and increasing abundance of the wild boar populations is in uenced by several factors like a high ecological plasticity, high reproductive capacity, their adaptability to changing food diverse [2], lack of natural predators [5] and supplementary feeding [6]. In light of these factors, the main regulatory mechanism for the rapid increase in size of the wild boar populations is wildlife management [7,8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%