Wire-bond failures induced by resonant vibrations in the CDF silicon detector

Bolla, G.; Ataç, M.; Pavlicek, V.; Nahn, S.; Garcia-Sciveres, M.; Mumford, R.; Nguyen, Thien; Forrester, S.; Hill, C.; Olszewski, J.; Rahaman, A.; Goldstein, J.; Ashmanskas, B.; Maruyama, Takashi; Zimmerman, T.; Moccia, S.; Lewis, J. D.

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2003.10.081

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However if the readout commands came at a fixed frequency, a resonant Lorentz force could cause the wire to break from mechanical fatigue. It had been shown that some resonant frequencies of the jumpers were in the 10 kHz range (which exactly matched the CDF L1A trigger rate under certain conditions) and only a few kicks were necessary to excite the jumpers [13]. These resonant readout conditions would arise when there were synchronous L1As from calibration triggers, faults in the trigger hardware, and ladders with large and fixed length readout.…”

Section: Wirebond Resonance: Spontaneous Loss Of R-z Sides In the Doumentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Section 7 details the readout calibration, Section 8 is dedicated to the routine monitoring and operations support systems, Section 9 describes the response of the CDF silicon detector to accumulated radiation doses, Section 10 details the performance of the silicon detector and the displaced vertex trigger, and Section 11 gives a summary. As well as new results, this paper compiles final results on material dispersed in several conference proceedings produced over the years by the members of operations team [10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: End-plug Electromagneticmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Operational experience, improvements, and performance of the CDF Run II silicon vertex detector

Aaltonen

Behari

Boveia

et al. 2013

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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The Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) pursues a broad physics program at Fermilab's Tevatron collider. Between Run II commissioning in early 2001 and the end of operations in September 2011, the Tevatron delivered 12 fb −1 of integrated luminosity of pp collisions at √ s = 1.96 TeV. The physics at CDF includes precise measurements of the masses of the top quark and W boson, measurement of CP violation and B s mixing, and searches for Higgs bosons and new physics signatures, all of which require heavy flavor tagging with large charged particle tracking acceptance. To realize these goals, in 2001 CDF installed eight layers of silicon microstrip detectors around its interaction region. These detectors were designed for 2-5 years of operation, radiation doses up to 2 Mrad (0.02 Gy), and were expected to be replaced in 2004. The sensors were not replaced, and the Tevatron run was extended for several years beyond its design, exposing the sensors and electronics to much higher radiation doses than anticipated. In this paper we describe the operational challenges encountered over the past 10 years of running the CDF silicon detectors, the preventive measures undertaken, and the improvements made along the way to ensure their optimal performance for collecting high quality physics data. In addition, we describe the quantities and methods used to monitor radiation damage in the sensors for optimal performance and summarize the detector performance quantities important to CDF's physics program, including vertex resolution, heavy flavor tagging, and silicon vertex trigger performance.

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Section: Wirebond Resonance: Spontaneous Loss Of R-z Sides In the Doumentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: End-plug Electromagneticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operational experience, improvements, and performance of the CDF Run II silicon vertex detector

Aaltonen

Behari

Boveia

et al. 2013

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…Their triggered readout resulted in a periodic current through the jumpers in CDF's solenoidal magnetic field. [1] The periodic Lorentz force that resulted is understood to have been at a frequency close to the fundamental mechanical resonance of the wire bonds. Flexing fatigues the heels of bond wires, leading to bond failure.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyurethane spray coating of aluminum wire bonds to prevent corrosion and suppress resonant oscillations

Izen¹,

Kurth

Boyd

2016

J. Inst.

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Unencapsulated aluminum wedge wire bonds are common in particle physics pixel and strip detectors. Industry-favored bulk encapsulation is eschewed due to the range of operating temperatures and radiation. Wire bond failures are a persistent source of trackingdetector failure. Unencapsulated bonds are vulnerable to condensation-induced corrosion, particularly when halides are present. Oscillations from periodic Lorentz forces are documented as another source of wire bond failure. Spray application of polyurethane coatings, performance of polyurethane-coated wire bonds after climate chamber exposure, and resonant properties of polyurethane-coated wire bonds and their resistance to periodic Lorentz forces are under study for use in a future High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider detector such as the ATLAS Inner Tracker upgrade.

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“…Another critical limitation on the Level 1 rate was that the deadtime fraction must be strictly limited to below the few percent level so that resonances on the Silicon Tracker wire bonds would not form. The Silicon Tracker readout line wire bonds were located within a magnetic field; when readout signals came at regular intervals of a specific frequency on the bonds, physical vibrations would occur, causing the bonds to break [2]. Resonant frequencies varied greatly depending on the location of the bonds, and ranged from 14 kHz to 112 kHz.…”

Section: Throughput Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Final Review of the Performance of the CDF Run II Data Acquisition System

Badgett¹

2012

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The CDF Collider Detector at Fermilab ceased data collection on September 30, 2011 after over twenty-five years of operation. We review the performance of the CDF Run II data acquisition systems over the last ten of these years while recording nearly 10 inverse femtobarns of proton-antiproton collisions with a high degree of efficiency-exceeding 83%. Technology choices in the online control and configuration systems and front-end embedded processing have impacted the efficiency and quality of the data accumulated by CDF, and have had to perform over a large range of instantaneous luminosity values and trigger rates. We identify significant sources of problems and successes. In particular, we present our experience computing and acquiring data in a radiation environment, and attempt to correlate system technical faults with radiation dose rate and technology choices.

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Wire-bond failures induced by resonant vibrations in the CDF silicon detector

Cited by 24 publications

References 6 publications

Operational experience, improvements, and performance of the CDF Run II silicon vertex detector

Operational experience, improvements, and performance of the CDF Run II silicon vertex detector

Polyurethane spray coating of aluminum wire bonds to prevent corrosion and suppress resonant oscillations

A Final Review of the Performance of the CDF Run II Data Acquisition System

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