WITHDRAWN: A Comparative Study of Life-Years Lost Attributable to Air Particulate Matter in Asia-Pacific and European Countries in 2019

Abstract

Air particulate matter (PM) and its harmful effects on human health are of great concern globally due to all-cause and cause-specific mortality impacts across different population groups. This study has three aims: (1) to investigate life-years lost (LYL) attributable to PM by causes of death; (2) to assess LYL across different socio-demographic index (SDI) countries; and (3) to compare LYL due to PM between Asia-Pacific (APAC) and Europe. The data used comefrom IHME and Health Effects Institute. Our results showthat average LYL due to PM in APAC was greater than in Europe, with some Island countries particularly affected by the exposure to household air pollution (HAP). Three quarters of LYL came from premature deaths by ischemic heart disease and stroke, in both continents. There were significant differences between SDI groups for causes of death due to ambient PM and HAP. Our findings call for urgent improvement of clean air to reduce indoor and outdoor air pollution-related mortality.