WITHDRAWN: Global metabolic changes by Bacillus cyclic lipopeptide extracts on stress responses of para rubber leaf

Abstract

The changing environmental conditions generate the abiotic stress like exposing of chemicals and biotic stress like Phytophthora palmivora infection which is causes leaf fall disease affecting the growth rate of para rubber seedlings resulting in economic loss. To prevent abiotic and biotic stresses, biocontrol agents like cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs) from Bacillus spp. have been introduced to reduce the usage of chemically synthesized fungicides and fertilizers. This study aimed to use Bacillus CLP extracts as a biological agent to stimulate the plant growth system in para rubber seedlings comparing with an exogenous plant hormone (salicylic acid; SA) using untargeted metabolomics. CLP extracts were obtained from B. subtilis PTKU12 and exogenous SA that were each applied on the leaves of para rubber seedlings. The expressed metabolic network responding to stress induced by exposing of different agents was analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. There were 1,702 and 979 metabolites which were detected in positive and negative ion modes of electrospray ionization, respectively. The application of CLP extracts showed the greatest accumulation of up-regulated metabolite changes in the leaves belonging to 56 metabolic pathways. The analysis of metabolic pathways indicated that CLP extracts played an important role in alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism to stress response leading to plant growth promotion. These findings revealed the effect of Bacillus CLP extracts on plant growth promotion considering as a protective option for para rubber plantation.

Microbial community assembly during aging of food waste-derived hydrochar: key bacterial guilds mediate nutrient dynamics

“…In addition, cyclic lipopeptides from Bacillus spp. have been introduced to prevent abiotic and biotic stresses and promote plant growth (Tunsagool et al, 2023). The evidence suggested that Ornithinibacillus is associated with ammonium nitrogen and plays a regulatory role in the nitrification process during composting (Zhai et al, 2023).…”

Metabolomic profiling of health‐benefit compounds in fresh and preserved mustard greens

“…Metabolite extraction followed a previously established procedure (Tunsagool et al, 2023). In short, 15 mg of fine powder was weighed and combined with 1 mL of a solution composed of methanol, water, and chloroform in a ratio of 2.5:1:1 (v/v/v).…”

“…Metabolomics, a potent analytical method, enables the comprehensive study of small molecules in biological systems (Hajjar et al, 2023), particularly healthbeneficial molecules. It has been used for untargeted metabolomics to elucidate metabolite alterations in various parts of plants, such as leaves (Ibrahim et al, 2023;Tunsagool et al, 2023). Metabolomics revealed the metabolite profile with altered levels of primary and secondary metabolites belonging to various classes, especially in green plants (Kumar et al, 2023a(Kumar et al, , 2023b linking to functional benefit prediction.…”

“…t = 23 min, 98% B; at t = 24 min, 98% B; at t = 25.5 min, 20% B; at t = 36.6 min, 20% B(Peng et al, 2014;Tunsagool et al, 2023). A flow rate of 180 lL/min was maintained, and the samples were injected randomly, without any specific order.…”

“…To prepare the system for sample analysis, 10 QC samples were run before the actual sample runs. Additionally, a QC sample was inserted into the analysis every 10 sample runs(Kwandee et al, 2023;Tunsagool et al, 2023).For MS analysis, parameter settings from previous work(Wu et al, 2021) were utilised. In summary, both positive and negative ion modes of electrospray ionisation were employed, with a mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) range of 70-1050.…”