WITHDRAWN: Optical Satellite Sensor and Positioning Accuracy Assessment for The Hongqi-H9 Wide-Range Satellite in Different Terrains

Abstract

The Hongqi-H9 wide-range satellite, which was launched on January 15, 2020, has a resolution of less than 1 m and a swath width of 136 km. This satellite is the largest sub-meter level satellite worldwide and the first ton-level commercial remote sensing satellite in China. In particular, this satellite can acquire sub-meter image data for an area of approximately 1,000 km2 per second and full-coverage image information for an area of more than 1,000,000 km2. This study was aimed at assessing the geometric positioning accuracy of the Hongqi-H9 satellite considering three aspects, namely, the circle error accuracy, rational polynomial coefficient based direct geometric positioning accuracy and ground control point based absolute positioning accuracy under urban, plain, and mountainous areas, with different topographies. The results of the conducted experimental investigation indicated that the Hongqi-H9 satellite could exhibit a high positioning accuracy in planar and vertical directions for different terrains. In particular, for areas with a low topography and few surface structures, the geometric positioning accuracy of the Hongqi-H9 satellite imagery was less than 4 and 2 m in the planimetry and elevation directions, respectively. These characteristics can promote the application of the Hongqi-H9 satellite images in agricultural surveys, target detection, and land surveys, among other domains.