Wood Vinegar as a Complex Growth Regulator Promotes the Growth, Yield, and Quality of Rapeseed

Abstract

Wood vinegar is formed by the condensation of smoke produced during the production of biochar. It mainly contains acetic acid, butyric acid, catechol, and phenol. Wood vinegar has a compound effect of promoting crop growth similar to plant growth regulators and is environmentally friendly. Moreover, it can enhance the biological and abiotic resistance of crops. In this study, foliar spraying was carried out systematically in the field with the hybrid variety of Huayouza 9 for two years to study the effects of wood vinegar and its compounds on the growth of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). We applied four treatments with tap water as a control (CK), namely wood vinegar diluted 400-fold (M), M mixed with gibberellin (T1), M mixed with sodium D-gluconate (T2), and M mixed with melatonin (T3). They were sprayed in the seedling stage and overwintering stage, respectively. The results showed that the seed yield, the leaf area index, and the number of pods per plant of rapeseed treated with M increased by an average of 9.58%, 23.45%, and 23.80% in two years as compared to the CK, respectively. Compared with M, the seed yield of rapeseed treated with T1, T2, and T3 increased by an average of 7.88%, 6.90%, and 1.32% in two years, respectively. The treatments also improved the quality of rapeseed. In particular, the glucosinolate content of rapeseed treated with T2 and T3 decreased by an average of 12.83% and 6.72% in two years compared to the CK, respectively. The four treatments selected in the current study improved the resistance of rapeseed at the low temperature of 2–6 °C by increasing the activity of superoxide dismutase and proline and soluble protein contents, as compared to the CK. Besides, all treatments containing M reduced the incidence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Peronospora parasitica (downy mildew) in rapeseed. More specifically, the T3 treatment significantly decreased the infection rate of these two diseases mentioned above by an average of 17.33% and 12.14% in two years compared to the CK, respectively. Therefore, the study and application of wood vinegar due to its compound effects on crop growth and yield is of great importance to sustainable agriculture, crop ecology, and environmental protection.

Sustainable Plant Growth Promotion and Chemical Composition of Pyroligneous Acid When Applied with Biochar as a Soil Amendment

“…However, the effect of PA in our study conducted under greenhouse conditions revealed a different result. Other studies [ 15 ] reported results similar to our experiments, showing little difference between control and PA-treated rapeseed plants over different development stages (seedling, bud bolting, and flowering) except for at the pod stage (182 days after sowing). Interactive effects between chemical fertilizer and biochar application on SPAD were observed in our study.…”

“…Additional benefits of PA for agriculture include promotion of plant growth [ 1 ] and soil health [ 13 , 14 ]. Application of PA has been observed to increase seed germination and root growth [ 15 ], perhaps the result of organic acids converting unavailable soil P into phosphoric acid for nutrient uptake [ 16 ]. According to Wang et al [ 17 ], several plant-growth promoting mechanisms may be triggered in parallel by PA application: (1) accumulation of proteins involved in different pathways of secondary metabolism, stress response, and carbohydrate metabolism; (2) accumulation of antioxidant enzymes, and (3) decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malonaldehydes in root tissue [ 17 ].…”

Effect of Pyroligneous Acid on the Productivity and Nutritional Quality of Greenhouse Tomato

“…PA is commonly used as a biostimulant to improve plant growth and productivity [6]. Depending on the concentration, PA can be used as an antimicrobial agent [19,20], a herbicide [21], a soil enhancer [22], and an insect repellent [23] or promote root development [24,25] and microbial activities [26] when diluted. Recent studies reported that PA enhances seed germination rate, vegetative and reproductive growth of several plants species [6,24,25,[27][28][29].…”

Characterization of the Safety Profile of Sweet Chestnut Wood Distillate Employed in Agriculture

“…Pyrolytic bio-derivates, extracted from wood plants, bamboo, herbaceous plants, and algae are largely used in the agriculture practices [1]. The different features of wood distillates converge in a consolidated strengthening power in agricultural production [2]. In fact, in spite of the biomass from which they are extracted and the subsequent processing methods, an increase in agricultural production and plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, which adversely affect agricultural production or product quality, is reported.…”