Workers by any other name: comparing co-ethnics and ‘interns’ as labour migrants to Japan

Tian, Yunchen

doi:10.1080/1369183x.2018.1466696

Cited by 46 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Both countries view MCWs as temporary guests, which has resulted in the creation of migration policies that offer few avenues for MCWs to stay long-term or to have a right to a family life [ 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 ]. Akin to the situation in Israel, the MCW market in Japan has been developed to create a cheap source of care labor, while at the same time minimizing the direct obligation of the state towards the welfare of MCWs [ 88 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Micro and Macro Level Factors on the Working and Living Conditions of Migrant Care Workers in Italy and Israel—A Scoping Review

Fisher

2021

IJERPH

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Background: The provision of home-based care for frail older adults in Italy and Israel is predominately provided by live-in migrant care workers (MCWs). However, despite the important role that they play in filling the demand for home care, MCWs often experience labor rights violations. This not only impacts the well-being of MCWs but also leads to lower-quality care being provided to people in need of support. Method: This scoping review used Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework to map literature. This article aims to analyze the scope, main topics, themes and gaps in the existing academic literature on how micro and macro level indicators impact the working and living conditions of live-in MCWs in Italy and Israel. Scopus, Pubmed, and Web of Science Core Collection were searched for peer-reviewed articles. Search terms were adapted from the Multilevel Framework of Transnational Care Migration (MFTCM). Themes were developed using Braun and Clarke’s method for conducting reflexive thematic analysis. Articles were included if they focused on Italy and/or Israel, included analysis on the working and living conditions of live-in MCWs at the macro and/or micro levels, were written in English, and were published between 2015 and 2020. Results: Out of the 1088 articles retrieved, 33 met the inclusion criteria. A total of 18 articles focused on Italy and 14 on Israel, and one focused on both Italy and Israel. The majority of articles in Italy (84 per cent) and Israel (53 per cent) included analysis on care regimes. Only 37 per cent of articles in Italy and 20 per cent in Israel included analysis on gender regimes. At the micro level, 80 per cent of articles in Israel discussed Power/Class Asymmetry, compared to 37 per cent in Italy. In total, six themes were developed. At the macro level, these themes included funding care work, MCWs as a pragmatic approach, care in the home, and valuing care work. At the micro level, the themes included being part of the family, and perceptions on class asymmetries. The findings presented in this review show that MCWs in both Italy and Israel face many of the same challenges in accessing decent work opportunities, despite contrasting employment and migration policies in each country. This can be partially attributed to the undervaluing of care work because of racialized and gendered notions of care. At the macro level, this has contributed to a lack of political will to develop long-term sustainable solutions to create or monitor decent work standards for MCWs. At the micro level, this has led to power imbalances between MCWs and people in need of care and their family members, resulting in MCWs being expected to work hours beyond those contractually allowed, having little to no time off, and experiencing emotional, physical, and sexual abuse. Conclusion: This study provides a review of the most recent contributions to the fields of labor migration and health concerning the MCW markets in Italy and Israel. While there have been many studies in each country that detail the labor rights violations experienced by MCWs, this is the first review that develops themes around the underlying causes of these violations. By thematically analyzing the findings of recent studies and current gaps in existing knowledge, this scoping review assists in building the groundwork for the development and implementation of policy, strategies, practice and research to improve the rights and migration experiences of MCWs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Micro and Macro Level Factors on the Working and Living Conditions of Migrant Care Workers in Italy and Israel—A Scoping Review

Fisher

2021

IJERPH

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“…It is believed that Japan is gradually becoming a "developmental migration state" (Tian, 2019). The interactions between foreign TIs and SMEs entail more dedicated managerial studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How foreign technical interns contribute to SMEs' overseas expansion

Suolinga

Kim

2020

ABAS

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This paper intends to understand the overseas business expansion of a Japanese SME that is facilitated by strategic management of technical interns (TIs), a type of foreign migrant labor in Japan. We challenge the current prejudices and narrow view on the role of TIs by introducing a unique case wherein a rural SME utilized TIs as strategic human resources. Furthermore, we highlighted the positive influence of TIs on the gradual insiderization in foreign markets and development of new business opportunities.

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“…Una consistirá en crear un visado especifico para el retorno de los Nikkeijin, migrantes japoneses de tercera generación en Sudamérica. La otra consistirá en crear, en 1993, un programa de capacitación para "formar" a jóvenes de países asiáticos en determinadas profesiones, siendo el trabajo agrícola uno de los sectores privilegiados (Tian, 2018).…”

Section: Japónunclassified

“…VISADOS 417 Y 462 CONCEDIDOS ENTRE 2005Y 2018 Fuente: Department of Home Affairs. Australian Government (2018).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

La creciente dependencia de mano de obra migrante para tareas agrícolas en el centro global. Una perspectiva comparada

Gerbeau

2020

Estud. geogr.

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Numerosos estudios, sobre todo en las últimas décadas, han señalado el progresivo aumento del número de migrantes realizando trabajo agrícola en los Estados del centro global. Desde el paradigma de la ecología-mundo, se teorizó sobre el hecho de que este fenómeno mundial constituía una estrategia sistémica para mantener estables y bajos los precios de la comida, siendo la producción de ésta, un pilar que sustenta las fases de acumulación del capitalismo. Con el objetivo de contribuir a reforzar dicha teoría, este artículo pretende, a través de un estudio de casos comparados, dimensionar este fenómeno. Así, se dará cuenta a través de las estadísticas oficiales disponibles, de la magnitud del irreversible y estructural proceso de “migrantización” del trabajo agrícola ocurrido en las áreas centrales mundiales entre mediados del siglo pasado y principios de este.

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Workers by any other name: comparing co-ethnics and ‘interns’ as labour migrants to Japan

Cited by 46 publications

References 29 publications

The Impact of Micro and Macro Level Factors on the Working and Living Conditions of Migrant Care Workers in Italy and Israel—A Scoping Review

The Impact of Micro and Macro Level Factors on the Working and Living Conditions of Migrant Care Workers in Italy and Israel—A Scoping Review

How foreign technical interns contribute to SMEs' overseas expansion

La creciente dependencia de mano de obra migrante para tareas agrícolas en el centro global. Una perspectiva comparada

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