Workflow for the Quantification of Soluble and Insoluble Carbohydrates in Soybean Seed

Moretti, Ademar; Arias, Cintia L.; Mozzoni, Leandro; Chen, Pengyin; McNeece, Brant T.; Mian, M. A. Rouf; McHale, Leah K.; Alonso, Ana Paula

doi:10.3390/molecules25173806

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The high reducing sugar content of RB1 might come from soluble soybean polysaccharide, a water-soluble fraction extracted from the cell wall material of the cotyledons of soybean [ 18 ]. In addition, it has been reported that the main soluble carbohydrates in soybean seeds are sucrose and the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFO), raffinose, and stachyose [ 19 ]. Since the soluble carbohydrate had been dissolved in the first soaking, the sugar concentration was lower in the second soaking and boiling.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Meat Substitutes from Filamentous Fungi Cultivated on Residual Water of Tempeh Factories

et al. 2023

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In recent years, there has been an increased motivation to reduce meat consumption globally due to environmental and health concerns, which has driven the development of meat substitutes. Filamentous fungal biomass, commonly known as mycoprotein, is a potential meat substitute since it is nutritious and has filaments to mimic meat fibrils. The current study aimed to investigate the potential use of a cheap substrate derived from the food industry, i.e., residual water in a tempeh factory, for mycoprotein production. The type of residual water, nutrient supplementation, optimum conditions for biomass production, and characteristics of the mycoprotein were determined. The results showed that the residual water from the first boiling with yeast extract addition gave the highest mycoprotein content. The optimum growth condition was a pH of 4.5 and agitation of 125 rpm, and it resulted in 7.76 g/L biomass. The mycoprotein contains 19.44% (w/w) protein with a high crude fiber content of 8.51% (w/w) and a low fat content of 1.56% (w/w). In addition, the amino acid and fatty acid contents are dominated by glutamic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are associated with an umami taste and are considered healthier foods. The current work reveals that the residual boiling water from the tempeh factory can be used to produce high-quality mycoprotein.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Meat Substitutes from Filamentous Fungi Cultivated on Residual Water of Tempeh Factories

et al. 2023

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“…Soluble sugars, hemicellulose and cellulose from mature soybean seed and immature embryos (24, 30, 33,36, 42, and 48 DAP) were quantified as described in Moretti et al . (2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of AtWRI1 and AtDGAT1 during soybean embryo development influences oil and carbohydrate metabolism

Arias

Quach

Huynh

et al. 2022

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Soybean oil is one of the most consumed vegetable oils worldwide. Genetic improvement of its concentration in seeds has been historically pursued due to its direct association with its market value. Engineering attempts aiming to increase soybean seed oil presented different degrees of success that varied with the genetic design and the specific variety considered. Understanding the embryo's responses to the genetic modifications introduced, is a critical step to successful approaches. In this work, the metabolic and transcriptional responses to AtWRI1 and AtDGAT1 expression in soybean seeds were evaluated. AtWRI1 is a master regulator of fatty acid (FA) biosynthesis, and AtDGAT1 encodes an enzyme catalysing the final and rate-limiting step of triacylglycerides biosynthesis. The events expressing these genes in the embryo did not show an increase in total FA content, but they responded with changes in the oil and carbohydrate composition. Transcriptomic studies revealed a down-regulation of genes putatively encoding for oil body packaging proteins, and a strong induction of genes annotated as lipases and FA biosynthesis inhibitors. Novel putative AtWRI1 targets, presenting an AW-box in the upstream region of the genes, were identified by comparison with an event that harbours only AtWRI1. Lastly, targeted metabolomics analysis showed that carbon from sugar phosphates could be used for FA competing pathways, such as starch and cell wall polysaccharides, contributing to the restriction in oil accumulation. These results allowed the identification of key cellular processes that need to be considered to break the embryo's natural restriction to uncontrolled seed lipid increase.

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“…It has been hypothesized that carbon derived from lipid and protein turnover contributes to RFOs synthesis during the late seed maturation stage. A 10-15% reduction in lipids coincides with RFOs accumulation during seed maturity ( Moretti et al., 2020 ). A protracted buildup of lipids without a reduction in protein content was also seen in recent research employing fast neutron-mutagenized soybean populations with deletions in genes involved in the central carbon metabolism ( Kambhampati et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Strategies To Reduce Rfos Content In Plants For Nutritional ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing raffinose family oligosaccharides content in plants: A tightrope walk

Sanyal

Kumar²,

Pattanayak

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Plants synthesize various compounds for their growth, metabolism, and stress mitigation, and one such group of compounds is the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs). RFOs are non-reducing oligosaccharides having galactose residues attached to a sucrose moiety. They act as carbohydrate reserves in plants, assisting in seed germination, desiccation tolerance, and biotic/abiotic stress tolerance. Although legumes are among the richest sources of dietary proteins, the direct consumption of legumes is hindered by an excess of RFOs in the edible parts of the plant, which causes flatulence in humans and monogastric animals. These opposing characteristics make RFOs manipulation a complicated tradeoff. An in-depth knowledge of the chemical composition, distribution pattern, tissue mobilization, and metabolism is required to optimize the levels of RFOs. The most recent developments in our understanding of RFOs distribution, physiological function, genetic regulation of their biosynthesis, transport, and degradation in food crops have been covered in this review. Additionally, we have suggested a few strategies that can sustainably reduce RFOs in order to solve the flatulence issue in animals. The comprehensive information in this review can be a tool for researchers to precisely control the level of RFOs in crops and create low antinutrient, nutritious food with wider consumer acceptability.

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Workflow for the Quantification of Soluble and Insoluble Carbohydrates in Soybean Seed

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Development of Meat Substitutes from Filamentous Fungi Cultivated on Residual Water of Tempeh Factories

Development of Meat Substitutes from Filamentous Fungi Cultivated on Residual Water of Tempeh Factories

Expression of AtWRI1 and AtDGAT1 during soybean embryo development influences oil and carbohydrate metabolism

Optimizing raffinose family oligosaccharides content in plants: A tightrope walk

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