Working memory and left medial temporal cortical thickness

Pastura, Giuseppe; Kubo, Tadeu Takao Almodovar; Regalla, Maria Angélica; Mesquita, Cíntia Machado de; Coutinho, Gabriel; Gasparetto, Emerson L.; Figueiredo, Otávio; Mattos, Paulo; Araújo, Alexandra Prüfer de Queiroz Campos

doi:10.1590/0004-282x20160123

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The only one study that recruited 17 children with ADHD for cortical thickness analyses denoted a direct relationship between thinner cortical thickness of the left medial temporal cortex and deficient WM. 20 In addition to cortical thickness, more dimensional brain cortical morphology indicators are worth exploring simultaneously to uncover the alteration in brain morphology associated with ADHD, such as cortical volume, surface area, and cortical curvature. Cortical volume is the product of two independent components, cortical thickness and surface area.…”

Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…DSF emerged as a signifificant predictor for one measure of attention, 32 while DSB was considered to be a measure of WM because it demanded both storage and manipulation in order to retain and repeat the number in reverse order. 20,32 Because the digit span (DS) subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale consists of DSF and DSB components that produce separate raw scores but are combined to produce a single scaled score. 32 Raw scores of DSB can be used to compare group differences in WM.…”

Section: Psychiatric and Neurocognitive Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cortical Morphometric Abnormality and Its Association with Working Memory in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Liu

et al. 2021

Psychiatry Investig

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Objective Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children and adolescents. The present study investigated the cortical morphology features and their relationship with working memory (WM).Methods In the present study, a total of 36 medication naïve children with ADHD (aged from 8 to 15 years) and 36 age- and gendermatched healthy control (HC) children were included. The digit span test was used to evaluate WM. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to examine the characteristics of cortical morphology. Firstly, we compared the cortical morphology features between two groups to identify the potential structural alterations of cortical volume, surface, thickness, and curvature in children with ADHD. Then, the correlation between the brain structural abnormalities and WM was further explored in children with ADHD.Results Compared with the HC children, the children with ADHD showed reduced cortical volumes in the left lateral superior temporal gyrus (STG) (p=6.67×10-6) and left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (p=3.88×10-4). In addition, the cortical volume of left lateral STG was positively correlated with WM (r=0.36, p=0.029).Conclusion Though preliminary, these findings suggest that the reduced cortical volumes of left lateral STG may contribute to the pathogenesis of ADHD and correlate with WM in children with ADHD.

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Section: Original Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Psychiatric and Neurocognitive Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Morphometric Abnormality and Its Association with Working Memory in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Liu

et al. 2021

Psychiatry Investig

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“…Rosenthal et al (96) compared the performances on forward digit recall and on backward digit recall in children with ADHD, finding that the ADHD-predominantly inattentive group was able to recall significantly more digits backward than the ADHDcombined type group, showing a specific deficit in working memory. They also found an association between working memory and cortical thickness of the left medial temporal lobe in a sample of children with ADHD during the backward digit span subtest of WISC-IV (104). A recent study (105) found that human spatial navigation training is associated with changes in cortical thickness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Link Between Topographic Memory and the Combined Presentation of ADHD (ADHD-C): A Pilot Study

et al. 2021

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Background: Topographic memory is the ability to reach various places by recognizing spatial layouts and getting oriented in familiar environments. It involves several different cognitive abilities, in particular executive functions (EF), such as attention, working memory, and planning. Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show impairments in inhibitory control, regulation of attention, planning, and working memory.Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the topographic memory in children with ADHD-combined subtype (ADHD-C).Method: Fifteen children (8–10 years) with a diagnosis of ADHD-C (DSM-5) (ADHD-C group) were compared to 15 children with typical development (TD group) of the same age. All children performed Raven's colored progressive matrices (CPM) test to obtain a measure related with cognitive functioning. The walking Corsi test (WalCT), a large-scale version of the Corsi block-tapping test, was used to assess topographic memory in experimental environment.Results: A higher impairment was observed in ADHD-C than TD with significant differences in the WalCT, in particular on the topographic short-term memory (TSTM) task, on the topographic learning (TL) task, and on the repetition number (RN) task during the TL task. Perseverative errors were reported in performing the square-sequence in the WalCT. Zero-order correlations showed a positive correlation between TSTM and auditory attention, and memory of design of NEPSY-II and digit span of WISC-IV. No statistically significant differences were found between the ADHD-C group and TD group in the TL task in the WalCT condition.Conclusion: In ADHD-C, initial topographic learning was compromised whereas the long-term retention of learned topographical material seemed to not be impaired. In particular, these impairments seem to be linked with difficulties in sustained attention, in spatial memory for novel visual materials, in a poor working memory, and in perseverative behaviors.

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“…But this relationship was absent in children with ADHD. Instead, smaller GMV [ 46 ] and thinner cortical thickness [ 47 ] in the temporal region were associated with poorer working memory performance in children with ADHD. The inconsistent results may be due to small sample sizes, methodological differences, and heterogeneity of the disorder [ 48 , 49 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic patterns linked to gray matter alterations underlying working memory deficits in adults and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

et al. 2023

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorder, with onset in childhood and a considerable likelihood to persist into adulthood. Our previous work has identified that across adults and adolescents with ADHD, gray matter volume (GMV) alteration in the frontal cortex was consistently associated with working memory underperformance, and GMV alteration in the cerebellum was associated with inattention. Recent knowledge regarding ADHD genetic risk loci makes it feasible to investigate genomic factors underlying these persistent GMV alterations, potentially illuminating the pathology of ADHD persistence. Based on this, we applied a sparsity-constrained multivariate data fusion approach, sparse parallel independent component analysis, to GMV variations in the frontal and cerebellum regions and candidate risk single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) data from 341 unrelated adult participants, including 167 individuals with ADHD, 47 unaffected siblings, and 127 healthy controls. We identified one SNP component significantly associated with one GMV component in superior/middle frontal regions and replicated this association in 317 adolescents from ADHD families. The association was stronger in individuals with ADHD than in controls, and stronger in adults and older adolescents than in younger ones. The SNP component highlights 93 SNPs in long non-coding RNAs mainly in chromosome 5 and 21 protein-coding genes that are significantly enriched in human neuron cells. Eighteen identified SNPs have regulation effects on gene expression, transcript expression, isoform percentage, or methylation level in frontal regions. Identified genes highlight MEF2C, CADM2, and CADPS2, which are relevant for modulating neuronal substrates underlying high-level cognition in ADHD, and their causality effects on ADHD persistence await further investigations. Overall, through a multivariate analysis, we have revealed a genomic pattern underpinning the frontal gray matter variation related to working memory deficit in ADHD.

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Working memory and left medial temporal cortical thickness

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Cortical Morphometric Abnormality and Its Association with Working Memory in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Cortical Morphometric Abnormality and Its Association with Working Memory in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Link Between Topographic Memory and the Combined Presentation of ADHD (ADHD-C): A Pilot Study

Genomic patterns linked to gray matter alterations underlying working memory deficits in adults and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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