Working with the enemy? Social work education and men who use intimate partner violence

Abstract

The accurate measurements of natural and anthropogenic aerosol particulate matter (PM) is important in managing both environmental and health risks; however, limited monitoring in regional areas hinders accurate quantification. This article provides an overview of the ability of recently launched geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites, such as GOES-R (North America) and HIMAWARI (Asia and Oceania), to provide near real-time ground-level PM concentrations (GLCs). The review examines the literature relating to the spatial and temporal resolution required by air quality studies, the removal of cloud and surface effects, the aerosol inversion problem, and the computation of ground-level concentrations rather than columnar aerosol optical depth (AOD). Determining surface PM concentrations using remote sensing is complicated by differentiating intrinsic aerosol properties (size, shape, composition, and quantity) from extrinsic signal intensities, particularly as the number of unknown intrinsic parameters exceeds the number of known extrinsic measurements. The review confirms that development of GEO satellite products has led to improvements in the use of coupled products such as GEOS-CHEM, aerosol types have consolidated on model species rather than prior descriptive classifications, and forward radiative transfer models have led to a better understanding of predictive spectra interdependencies across different aerosol types, despite fewer wavelength bands. However, it is apparent that the aerosol inversion problem remains challenging because there are limited wavelength bands for characterising localised mineralogy. The review finds that the frequency of GEO satellite data exceeds the temporal resolution required for air quality studies, but the spatial resolution is too coarse for localised air quality studies. Continual monitoring necessitates using the less sensitive thermal infra-red bands, which also reduce surface absorption effects. However, given the challenges of the aerosol inversion problem and difficulties in converting columnar AOD to surface concentrations, the review identifies coupled GEO-neural networks as potentially the most viable option for improving quantification.

Exploring the involvement of men who use intimate partner violence in social work education: Student and service user views

“…Social workers engage with many different service users, with some accessing services voluntarily and others being mandated through various legislative or social processes to engage with services. Men who use IPV are often considered to be mandated or involuntary service users (Jury and Boxall, 2018). There has been little research regarding student perspectives of the involvement of involuntary service users in social work education.…”

“…Authors such as Smith (2013) and Raikes and Balen (2016) have discussed the perspectives of service users with complex issues who are involved in social work education, but no previous research has been identified that explores the perspectives of men who use IPV regarding their possible involvement in social work education. It has, however, been suggested that men who use IPV could make a positive contribution to social work education (Jury and Boxall, 2018).…”

“…Adelman et al (2016) argued that these gaps could be decreased through use of real world learning opportunities for students. Jury and Boxall (2018) have suggested that involving men who use IPV in social work education could provide opportunities to improve student knowledge and understanding of issues surrounding IPV.…”

“…However, being identified as a voluntary service user by professionals may not be indicative of the service user's perception of being a willing participant in services. This is particularly so in services for men who use IPV, where service users are more likely to be legally and/or socially mandated by friends and family to attend services, due to the ramifications of the types of behaviour they have used in the past (Jury and Boxall, 2018).…”

“…The research outlined in this article is part of a larger research study which explored whether or not one service user group -men who use IPV -can or should participate in service user involvement in social work education (see Jury and Boxall, 2018). Men who use IPV towards their female partners are a specific service user group in social work and social care services.…”