Wound Fluid Diagnostics in Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Löffler, Markus; Schmohl, Michael; Schneiderhan‐Marra, Nicole; Beckert, Stefan

doi:10.5772/30002

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 112 publications

(143 reference statements)

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“…The confirmation of the role of cytokines in fibroblast proliferation was found in a study of Inoue et al where authors have shown that the presence and level of cytokines within burn blister fluids play a role in fibroblast proliferation. Angiogenesis and emergence of fibroblasts start on the 3rd day, followed by collagen synthesis ongoing from day 3 to day 5 . Thus, through current findings, we can see that a recurrence of IL‐1β and TNF‐α in wound fluid in the treatment group on day 5 is higher than in the control group, which is a presumed signal of the intensity of the wound‐healing process, followed by epithelialisation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Angiogenesis and emergence of fibroblasts start on the 3rd day, followed by collagen synthesis ongoing from day 3 to day 5. 41 Thus, through current findings, we can see that a recurrence of IL-1β and TNF-α in wound fluid in the treatment group on day 5 is higher than in the control group, which is a presumed signal of the intensity of the wound-healing process, followed by epithelialisation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Results of current research correspond to and match with the results of other studies and literature concerning the role of proinflammatory cytokine in the process of wound healingespecially in inflammatory and proliferation phases. [38][39][40][41] Everts et al, conclude that during the first 2 days of wound healing, an inflammatory process is initiated by migration of neutrophils. Activated macrophages release cytokines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of platelet‐rich plasma to facilitate wound healing

Menchisheva

Ulmeken

Yui

2018

International Wound Journal

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Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) is widely used nowadays in different fields of medicine, affecting physiological processes including tissue regeneration. The use of PRP in maxillofacial surgical interventions and its efficiency in the improvement of postoperative wound healing were analysed. Patients undergoing plastic and reconstructive surgeries in the maxillofacial region were recruited: 50 patients were enrolled into a control group (received no PPRP injection) and 50 patients were enrolled into a treatment group, where PRP was applied during the surgical procedure. Evaluation of treatment outcomes was carried out by determination of IL‐1β, TNFα, and IL‐6 cytokines levels in the wound‐drain fluid. The stages of wound healing were assessed by cytological analyses and ultrasound within a month period. The use of the PRP has substantially positive effects, contributing to the improvement of the healing process. In the treatment group, fibroblasts, macrophages, and collagen fibres appeared and their quantities increased earlier than when compared with control group patients. The concentration of IL‐1β and TNFα in wound fluid on day 1 and day 5 after operation was higher for the treatment group as opposed to the control group, which was linked to the influence of PRP on inflammatory and granulation phases of the healing process. An ultrasound examination showed less oedema and infiltration in the tissues around the wound of the treatment group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of platelet‐rich plasma to facilitate wound healing

Menchisheva

Ulmeken

Yui

2018

International Wound Journal

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“…Fibroblasts require a partial pressure of oxygen about 30–40 mmHg to maintain the natural collagen synthesis production (Schreml et al, 2010 ). Additionally, fibroblasts become impaired when lactate concentration in the wound increases above 7 mM, whereas normal tissue lactate levels are around 1–3 mM (Löffler et al, 2011 ). Furthermore, the increase in lactate levels assists in making the wound more susceptible to bacterial contamination, which can revert the healing process back to the inflammatory phase (Löffler et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Wound Repair Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“… b Beidler et al ( 2009 ); Huang et al ( 2013 ); Tsuneyasu et al ( 2014 ) . c Löffler et al ( 2011 ) and Rathee et al ( 2016 ) . d Lambers et al ( 2006 ); Gethin ( 2007 ); Morris et al ( 2009 ), and Santos et al ( 2014 ) .…”

Section: Chemical and Physical Analysis Using The Flexible Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Technology for Chronic Wound Monitoring: Current Dressings, Advancements, and Future Prospects

Brown¹,

Ashley²,

Koh³

2018

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

156

144

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Chronic non-healing wounds challenge tissue regeneration and impair infection regulation for patients afflicted with this condition. Next generation wound care technology capable of in situ physiological surveillance which can diagnose wound parameters, treat various chronic wound symptoms, and reduce infection at the wound noninvasively with the use of a closed loop therapeutic system would provide patients with an improved standard of care and an accelerated wound repair mechanism. The indicating biomarkers specific to chronic wounds include blood pressure, temperature, oxygen, pH, lactate, glucose, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and infection status. A wound monitoring device would help decrease prolonged hospitalization, multiple doctors' visits, and the expensive lab testing associated with the diagnosis and treatment of chronic wounds. A device capable of monitoring the wound status and stimulating the healing process is highly desirable. In this review, we discuss the impaired physiological states of chronic wounds and explain the current treatment methods. Specifically, we focus on improvements in materials, platforms, fabrication methods for wearable devices, and quantitative analysis of various biomarkers vital to wound healing progress.

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Novel topical esmolol hydrochloride improves wound healing in diabetes by inhibiting aldose reductase, generation of advanced glycation end products, and facilitating the migration of fibroblasts

Kulkarni

Deshpande²,

Rastogi³

2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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Aims/ObjectivesWound healing in people with diabetes is delayed secondary to impaired nitric oxide generation, advanced glycation end products (AGE), and poor migration of epithelial cells. We developed a novel topical esmolol hydrochloride (Galnobax) and assessed its efficacy for wound healing in streptozocin-induced diabetic hairless rat.MethodsAll experiments were performed at an animal laboratory and tertiary-care research facility. Ex vivo aldose reductase inhibition was assessed from enzymes obtained from a bacterial culture (spectrophotometer), sorbitol content in homogenized red blood cells, and AGE in glucose and bovine serum by fluorometry following the addition of esmolol in varying concentrations. A scratch assay of human fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and keratinocytes was assessed under a high-glucose environment and after esmolol by phase-contrast microscopy. The efficacy evaluation of the topical application of Galnobax (14 and 20%) or vehicle was conducted in streptozotocin-induced diabetic hairless rats, and endogenous nitrite and hydroxyproline from homogenized wound tissue were measured along with pharmacokinetic and dermal toxicity in Hanford miniature swine.ResultsEsmolol inhibited the formation of sorbitol by 59% in erythrocytes in comparison to glucose-induced sorbitol levels. AGE generation in bovine serum albumin was reduced at 1 mM esmolol concentrations (2.6 ± 1.7) compared with control (p < 0.05) and similar to that of diclofenac (2.5 ± 1.3). Esmolol at 1 and 10 µM enhanced the migration of fibroblasts, epithelial cells, and keratinocytes compared with control. The nitric oxide levels (day 7) were 44 and 112% higher with Galnobax (14%) than those of the diabetic group (p < 0.05) and the vehicle control group (p < 0.05), respectively. The days 7 and 14 hydroxyproline in the wound was higher by 22 and 44% following Galnobax (14%) compared with the diabetic and vehicle control groups. The wound area exhibited better reduction with Galnobax at 14% up to day 10 follow-up compared with the controls. The pharmacokinetic and dermal toxicity in miniature swine suggested no significant adverse event with Galnobax.ConclusionsTopical esmolol hydrochloride is a novel, safe, and effective treatment modality that acts through pleotropic mechanisms to hasten wound healing in diabetes.

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Wound Fluid Diagnostics in Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Cited by 3 publications

References 112 publications

Use of platelet‐rich plasma to facilitate wound healing

Use of platelet‐rich plasma to facilitate wound healing

Wearable Technology for Chronic Wound Monitoring: Current Dressings, Advancements, and Future Prospects

Novel topical esmolol hydrochloride improves wound healing in diabetes by inhibiting aldose reductase, generation of advanced glycation end products, and facilitating the migration of fibroblasts

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