WOVOdat – An online, growing library of worldwide volcanic unrest

Newhall, Christopher G.; Costa, Fidel; Ratdomopurbo, Antonius; Venezky, D. Y.; Widiwijayanti, Christina; Win, N. T. Z.; Tan, Karine; Fajiculay, Erickson

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.08.003

Cited by 70 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Four data types are compiled (where available) for each volcano in this study (example of Copahue volcano in Figure ): (A) ground‐based volcano monitoring data compiled from the Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network (BGVN) provided by the Smithsonian Institute Global Volcanism Program (GVP) (Venzke, ), (B) multisatellite observations of SO 2 degassing, (C) thermal output measured from space, and (D) satellite observations of ground deformation. All of the raw data used to make the plots have been provided to WOVOdat (Newhall et al, ) and now populate their volcanic unrest database. We selected a start date of 1 January 2000 and end date of 1 June 2017, although not all sensors provided usable data at all volcanoes during this time span.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal, Deformation, and Degassing Remote Sensing Time Series (CE 2000–2017) at the 47 most Active Volcanoes in Latin America: Implications for Volcanic Systems

et al. 2019

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Volcanoes are hazardous to local and global populations, but only a fraction are continuously monitored by ground-based sensors. For example, in Latin America, more than 60% of Holocene volcanoes are unmonitored, meaning long-term multiparameter data sets of volcanic activity are rare and sparse. We use satellite observations of degassing, thermal anomalies, and surface deformation spanning 17 years at 47 of the most active volcanoes in Latin America and compare these data sets to ground-based observations archived by the Global Volcanism Program. This first comparison of multisatellite time series on a regional scale provides information regarding volcanic behavior during, noneruptive, pre-eruptive, syneruptive, and posteruptive periods. For example, at Copahue volcano, deviations from background activity in all three types of satellite measurements were manifested months to years in advance of renewed eruptive activity in 2012. By quantifying the amount of degassing, thermal output, and deformation measured at each of these volcanoes, we test the classification of these volcanoes as open or closed volcanic systems. We find that~28% of the volcanoes do not fall into either classification, and the rest show elements of both, demonstrating a dynamic range of behavior that can change over time. Finally, we recommend how volcano monitoring could be improved through better coordination of available satellite-based capabilities and new instruments.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal, Deformation, and Degassing Remote Sensing Time Series (CE 2000–2017) at the 47 most Active Volcanoes in Latin America: Implications for Volcanic Systems

et al. 2019

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“…Therefore, it is also possible that the magmatic unrest at Jailolo may be isolated and no eruption will occur in the following years (Newhall et al, 2017).…”

Section: How Long Could Volcanic Unrest At Jailolo Volcano Last?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Swarms of VT earthquakes have been extensively investigated for their association to the eruptive cycle of volcanoes (Benoit and McNutt, 1996). They do not always signal an impending eruption (Moran et al, 2011;Newhall et al, 2017), yet most eruptions are preceded by seismic swarms (Benoit and McNutt, 1996;Passarelli and Brodsky, 2012). Thus, when a VT swarm is observed, it is critical to discriminate what process caused it, especially if the swarm has affected an inhabited area (Barberi et al, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magmatic or Not Magmatic? The 2015–2016 Seismic Swarm at the Long-Dormant Jailolo Volcano, West Halmahera, Indonesia

et al. 2018

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Seismic swarms close to volcanoes often signal the onset of unrest. Establishing whether magma is the culprit and the unrest can be flagged as magmatic may be challenging. Here we analyze the spatio-temporal pattern of a seismic swarm that occurred in November 2015-February 2016 around Jailolo volcano, a long-dormant and poorly studied volcano located on Halmahera island, North Moluccas, Indonesia. The swarm included four M w > 5 earthquakes and hundreds of events were felt by the population. We relocate the earthquakes using both the Indonesian Seismic Network and singlestation location techniques. We find that the earthquakes cluster in a narrow strip, stretching 5 km E-W and 20 km N-S, migrating southward away from Jailolo volcano at ∼10 km/d. We investigate the source mechanisms of the largest earthquakes via full moment tensor inversion. The non-double-couple component is around 50%, such that the earthquakes, besides normal faulting, included a relatively large opening component. After a thorough examination of the possible causes of the Jailolo swarm we conclude that a laterally propagating dike of tens of millions of cubic meters is the triggering mechanism for the seismicity. The swarm marks the first documented magmatic unrest at Jailolo. We find that there is a probability >0.1 that the unrest will last for more than 2 years. This magmatic unrest calls for the classification of Jailolo volcano as active, and for an urgent assessment of the associated volcanic hazard.

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“…The DEM data at 10-m resolution provided by the Geospatial Authority of Japan (GSI) is being used only in Japan area. Newhall et al, 2017) are available in the volcano information pop-up of the application. The user could compare volcanic eruption chronology and volcanic databases using the system.…”

Section: Outline Of Volcanic Hazards Assessment Support Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Volcanic Hazards Assessment Support System for the Online Hazard Assessment and Risk Mitigation of Quaternary Volcanoes in the World

Takarada

2017

Front. Earth Sci.

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Volcanic hazards assessment tools are essential for risk mitigation of volcanic activities. A number of offline volcanic hazard assessment tools have been provided, but in most cases, they require relatively complex installation procedure and usage. This situation causes limited usage of volcanic hazard assessment tools among volcanologists and volcanic hazards communities. In addition, volcanic eruption chronology and detailed database of each volcano in the world are essential key information for volcanic hazard assessment, but most of them are isolated and not connected to and with each other. The Volcanic Hazard Assessment Support System aims to implement a user-friendly, WebGIS-based, open-access online system for potential hazards assessment and risk-mitigation of Quaternary volcanoes in the world. The users can get up-to-date information such as eruption chronology and geophysical monitoring data of a specific volcano using the direct link system to major volcano databases on the system. Currently, the system provides 3 simple, powerful and notable deterministic modeling simulation codes of volcanic processes, such as Energy Cone, Titan2D and Tephra2. The system provides deterministic tools because probabilistic assessment tools are normally much more computationally demanding. By using the volcano hazard assessment system, the area that would be affected by volcanic eruptions in any location near the volcano can be estimated using numerical simulations. The system is being implemented using the ASTER Global DEM covering 2790 Quaternary volcanoes in the world. The system can be used to evaluate volcanic hazards and move this toward risk-potential by overlaying the estimated distribution of volcanic gravity flows or tephra falls on major roads, houses and evacuation areas using the GIS-enabled systems. The system is developed for all users in the world who need volcanic hazards assessment tools.

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WOVOdat – An online, growing library of worldwide volcanic unrest

Cited by 70 publications

References 47 publications

Thermal, Deformation, and Degassing Remote Sensing Time Series (CE 2000–2017) at the 47 most Active Volcanoes in Latin America: Implications for Volcanic Systems

Thermal, Deformation, and Degassing Remote Sensing Time Series (CE 2000–2017) at the 47 most Active Volcanoes in Latin America: Implications for Volcanic Systems

Magmatic or Not Magmatic? The 2015–2016 Seismic Swarm at the Long-Dormant Jailolo Volcano, West Halmahera, Indonesia

The Volcanic Hazards Assessment Support System for the Online Hazard Assessment and Risk Mitigation of Quaternary Volcanoes in the World

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