WS₂-Nanosheet-Modified Electrodes as an Efficient Electrochemical Sensing Platform for the Nonenzymatic Detection of the Insecticide Imidacloprid

Abstract

Imidacloprid (IMI) is a systemic insecticide, which is widely used for seed treatment and pest control in vegetables. The unwarranted presence of traces of IMI in vegetables and groundwater is a matter of grave concern which needs to be detected and quantified in order to effect remedial measures for the sake of food safety. In this work, we communicate the fabrication of tungsten sulfide (WS2) nanosheets and the construction of an amperometric sensor for the precise determination of IMI. The sensor performances were evaluated by using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The presence of surface-active sites and the fast electron transfer on WS2/GCE favored the electrochemical reduction of the aromatic nitro group in IMI. The developed IMI sensor displayed a linear range of IMI detection from 10 to 90 μM with a detection limit of 0.28 μM. The developed WS2/GCE sensor also displayed good sensitivity, with a value of 3.98 μA μM–1 cm–2. The electrochemical measurements demonstrated the superior selectivity of the constructed WS2/GCE sensor for IMI detection, which makes it suitable for practical applications.

Recent Advances on Electrochemical Sensors for Detection of Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs)

“…This electrochemical sensor provided a detection limit of 3.1 × 10 −3 pM. Tungsten sulfide (WS 2 ) nanosheets were fabricated for the detection of IDP in water and soil samples [119]. Fast electron transfer on WS 2 nanosheets resulted in electrochemical reduction of the aromatic nitro group in IDP at a detection limit of 0.28 µM and linear range of 10-90 µM.…”

Rapid detection of caffeic acid in food beverages using a non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor based on a Bi2S3/CNF nanocomposite

“…In recent years, with advancements in nanomaterials, electrochemical sensors have been developed and utilized for detecting various food additives. In particular, metal sulfides such as Bi 2 S 3 , 15 CoS 2 , 16 MoS 2 , 17 WS 2 , 18 SnS 2 , 19 and Cu 2 S 20 have gained widespread attention. Remarkably, Bi 2 S 3 nanoparticles exhibit excellent exotic, optical, magnetic, and electrical properties.…”

A Novel Label-Free Electrochemical Immunosensor for the Detection of Thyroid Transcription Factor 1 Using Ribbon-like Tungsten Disulfide-Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanohybrids and Gold Nanoparticles

“…Tungsten disulfide (WS 2 ) is a 2D-layered graphene-like material, which, due to its electrochemical properties, sheet-like architecture and high surface area, has attained much attention from researchers. Recently, WS 2 has attracted significant attention due to its catalytic activity and superior thermal and oxidative stability, which make it a suitable candidate for electrochemical sensor applications [ 23 , 24 ]. However, the direct application of WS 2 was limited due to its poor conductivity.…”