2019
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.05.004
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X-ray Micro-Computed Tomography for Nondestructive Three-Dimensional (3D) X-ray Histology

Abstract: Historically, micro-computed tomography (μCT) has been considered unsuitable for histologic analysis of unstained formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded soft tissue biopsy specimens because of a lack of image contrast between the tissue and the paraffin. However, we recently demonstrated that μCT can successfully resolve microstructural detail in routinely prepared tissue specimens. Herein, we illustrate how μCT imaging of standard formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens can be seamlessly integrated into… Show more

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Cited by 71 publications
(59 citation statements)
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“…Overall, PCCT images allow for an identification and delineation of distinct tissue types in liver specimen. As no contrast agent or staining is needed, preclinical PCCT may have advantages over existing imaging techniques in pathology, like micro-CT, for the identification of relevant findings in resection specimen, previous to sectioning and histopathological staining 17. Furthermore, three-dimensional reconstruction of whole slide histological data has shown value in the visualisation and diagnosis of disease 18.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Overall, PCCT images allow for an identification and delineation of distinct tissue types in liver specimen. As no contrast agent or staining is needed, preclinical PCCT may have advantages over existing imaging techniques in pathology, like micro-CT, for the identification of relevant findings in resection specimen, previous to sectioning and histopathological staining 17. Furthermore, three-dimensional reconstruction of whole slide histological data has shown value in the visualisation and diagnosis of disease 18.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Therefore computertomographic examination of microstructure of allogeneic bone transplants might be considered before transplantation to characterize its bone structure. Micro-CT scan was shown to provide a three dimensional view out of a two dimensional histology (Katsamenis et al 2019 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…During µCT image acquisition, tissue sample movement during sample rotation has the potential to cause the corresponding 2-D projections to be out of the registry, thereby producing poorly reconstructed 3-D volumes. Several protocols for sample immobilization have been developed to overcome this problem for small soft tissues such as blood vessels including: (i) liquid immersion protocols using alcohol [ 89 , 100 , 112 ] or corn oil [ 73 , 94 ]; as well as tissue embedding protocols using (ii) agarose gels [ 90 , 113 , 114 , 115 ], (iii) plastic embedding resins [ 116 ], and (iv) paraffin wax [ 70 , 76 , 88 , 91 , 95 , 96 , 117 ]. The advantages and disadvantages of these different sample immobilization techniques are summarized in Table 3 .…”
Section: Micro-ct Sample Preparation Techniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Formalin-fixed, paraffin-wax embedded blood vessels have become increasingly popular in ex vivo µCT applications [ 70 , 76 , 88 , 91 , 95 , 96 , 117 ]. Specifically, rodent blood vessels can be formalin-fixed and paraffin wax-embedded for both laboratory and synchrotron-based µCT sources without the need for X-ray contrast agents, achieving isotropic voxel sizes between 0.7 and 20 µm, depending on sample size and field of view [ 70 , 91 , 95 , 96 ].…”
Section: Micro-ct Sample Preparation Techniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%