“…condensers , collimators (Baron et al, 1999;Chumakov et al, 2000), beam-shapers (Zverev et al, 2017) and higherharmonic suppressors (Polikarpov et al, 2014). Currently, CRLs are extensively used in X-ray imaging and microscopy (Byelov et al, 2013;Zverev et al, 2017Zverev et al, , 2018, interferometry (Snigirev, Snigireva, Kohn et al, 2009;Snigirev et al, 2014;Zverev et al, 2018) and spectroscopy (Santoro et al, 2014). Use of refractive optics allows us to track dynamical and structural transformations, which is especially important in studies of materials under extreme conditions (Dubrovinskaia et al, 2016) and in high-resolution X-ray diffraction experiments (Drakopoulos et al, 2005;Ershov et al, 2015).…”