Xanthobacter autotrophicus and endophytic yeasts preventing greenhouse gases in the growth of Phaseolus vulgaris

Abstract

Currently, in agricultural production, to ensure that it is not a source of greenhouse gases, without affecting the healthy growth of Phaseolus vulgaris, it is necessary to apply NH4NO3 at 70% since previous studies indicate that values ​​of 100 to 80% are uptake by the plant (data not showed) and generate N2O in addition to contaminating surface and underground water. An alternative solution is to apply NH4NO3 70% and inoculate the seeds with microbial consortia that optimize this nitrogen fertilizer. The objective of this research was to analyze the response of P. vulgaris to Pichia norvegensis, Saccharomyces cervesiae and Xanthobacter autotrophicus NH4NO3 at 70%. The experiment was carried out with a randomized block design; the response variables: germination percentage, days of emergence, phenology: plant height (PH), root length (RL) and biomass: aerial/radical fresh weight (AFW/RFW) aerial and radical dry weight (ADW/RDW) of P. vulgaris. All the experimental data were analyzed by ANOVA/Tukey HSD (P<0.05). The results showed a positive effect of P. norvegensis and X. autotrophicus with 94% germination of P. vulgaris seeds; at seedling stage registered 37.48 cm of PH, 18 cm of RL, 1.96 g of FAW, 1.55 g of RFW, 0.24 g ADW and 0.14 g RDW, all this numerical values ​​statistically were different, compared to 70.7% germination, 28.8 cm PH, 10.66 RL, 0.82 g AFW, 0.29 g RFW, 0.12 g ADW and 0.03 g RDW in P. vulgaris not inoculated with P. norvegensis or X. autotrophicus fed with 100% NH4NO3 , used as relative control (RC). These results support that it is feasible to use interactions between yeasts and endophytic bacteria, such as P. norvegensis and X. autotrophicus to activate and improve the physiological capacity of P. vulgaris root to increase NH4NO3 70% uptake, which prevents the release of greenhouse gases associated with global warming, loss of fertility and contamination of surface and groundwater.