Xeno-synthetic bone block includes cellular remnants: Acceptable components or lack of purification?

Orłowska, Anna; Al‐Maawi, Sarah; Brozović, Juraj; Sader, Robert; Ghanaati, Shahram

doi:10.4103/gfsc.gfsc_10_18

Cited by 1 publication

(7 citation statements)

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“…Under sterile conditions, the samples were divided into two parts: one for histological analysis and another for RNA extraction. Furthermore, different batches of each biomaterial were used for cell culture experiments [7,8].…”

Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For histological analysis, samples were treated as previously described [7,8]. In brief, the samples were decalcified in 10% Tris-buffered EDTA solution at 37 • C for 7 days.…”

Section: Histological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Materials 2022, 15, 999 2 of 14 Each type of biomaterial demands a particular processing method. For allografts and xenografts, the purification process is essential to remove the organic remnants of the appropriate donor, which potentially carry pathogens, proteins, or foreign genetic material which can lead to disease transmission or exacerbate an inflammatory reaction [7,8]. Bone substitute materials should accomplish a series of requirements to be suitable for clinical use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the cytotoxicity and inflammatory reaction, purity has been considered a good parameter to evaluate the suitability of biomaterials. Non-autologous bone materials should ideally contain a pure mineral structure, without organic or antigenic remnants [7,8]. However, some commercially available purification methods for allografts or xenogeneic bone materials present some degree of organic remnants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current purification methods described implicate complex physical and chemical steps to free the material from immunogenic components and attend to safety requirements. Nevertheless, despite the efforts for a standard purification process, some naturally derived bone materials still contain cellular or organic remnants in their composition [7]. In addition, materials that have been proven to be free of organic components might lose their lamellar structure as the purification process changes their physicochemical properties [8,14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellular Response of Human Osteoblasts to Different Presentations of Deproteinized Bovine Bone

et al. 2022

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Objectives: This study evaluated the cellular response of primary osteoblasts exposed to two different presentations of a low-temperature non-sintered deproteinized bovine bone matrix (DBBM). Materials and methods: Six different baths of a commercially available DBBM block (Bonefill® Porous Block) and one of DBBM granule (Bonefill® Porous) were evaluated to identify the mineral structure and organic or cellular remnants. Samples of the same baths were processed in TRIZOL for RNA extraction and quantification. For the immunologic cell reaction assay, primary human osteoblasts (pOB) were exposed to DBMM block (pOB + B) or granules (pOB + G), or none (control) for 1, 3, or 7 days of cell cultivation. Expression of proinflammatory cytokines by pOB was evaluated by crosslinked ELISA assay. In addition, total DNA amount, as well as cell viability via LDH evaluation, was assessed. Results: Organic remnants were present in DBBM blocks; 45.55% (±7.12) of osteocytes lacunae presented cellular remnants in blocks compared to 17.31% (±1.31) in granules. In three of five batches of blocks, it was possible to isolate bovine RNA. The highest concentration of TGF-β1 was found in supernatants of pOB + G on day 7 (218.85 ± 234.62 pg/mL) (p < 0.05), whereas pOB + B presented the lowest amount of TGF-β1 secretion at the end of evaluation (30.22 ± 14.94 pg/mL, p < 0.05). For IL-6 and OPG, there was no statistical difference between groups, while pOB + G induced more IL-8 secretion than the control (3.03 ± 3.38 ng/mL, p < 0.05). Considering the kinetics of cytokine release during the study period, all groups presented a similar pattern of cytokines, estimated as an increasing concentration for IL-6, IL-8, and OPG during cultivation. Adherent cells were observed on both material surfaces on day 7, according to H&E and OPN staining. Conclusion: Neither tested material induced a pronounced inflammatory response upon osteoblast cultivation. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the potential influence of organic remnants in bone substitute materials on the regeneration process.

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Section: Sample Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For histological analysis, samples were treated as previously described [7,8]. In brief, the samples were decalcified in 10% Tris-buffered EDTA solution at 37 • C for 7 days.…”

Section: Histological Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%