Xylarinase: a novel clot busting enzyme from an endophytic fungus<i>Xylaria curta</i>

Meshram, Vineet; Saxena, Sanjai; Paul, Karan

doi:10.3109/14756366.2016.1151013

Cited by 19 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…(Gurumallesh et al 2019 ). Apart from these, many researchers have also explored the endophytic fungi for production of proteases for various purposes (Meshram et al 2016 ; Mandal and Banerjee 2019 ). Meshram and Saxena ( 2016 ) reported proteolytic and fibrinolytic activity in an endophytic fungal isolate Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae obtained from the stem of the Aegle marmelos , and proposed its potential use for dissolution of blood clots.…”

Section: Microbial Proteasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…have the capability of producing alkaline proteases, but several fungi have also been reported to produce these enzymes (Sharma 2019 ). Meshram et al ( 2016 ) reported that a metalloprotease (with 8.0 pH optima) produced by endophytic fungus Xylaria curta possessed appreciable fibrinolytic properties, and thus has the potential of being used for therapeutic purposes. da Silva et al ( 2018 ) have carried out thermodynamic investigations on the serine alkaline protease produced by the fungus Aspergillus tamarii URM4634.…”

Section: Alkaline Proteasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial proteases: ubiquitous enzymes with innumerable uses

Putatunda²,

et al. 2021

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Proteases are ubiquitous enzymes, having significant physiological roles in both synthesis and degradation. The use of microbial proteases in food fermentation is an age-old process, which is today being successfully employed in other industries with the advent of ‘omics’ era and innovations in genetic and protein engineering approaches. Proteases have found application in industries besides food, like leather, textiles, detergent, waste management, agriculture, animal husbandry, cosmetics, and pharmaceutics. With the rising demands and applications, researchers are exploring various approaches to discover, redesign, or artificially synthesize enzymes with better applicability in the industrial processes. These enzymes offer a sustainable and environmentally safer option, besides possessing economic and commercial value. Various bacterial and fungal proteases are already holding a commercially pivotal role in the industry. The current review summarizes the characteristics and types of proteases, microbial source, their current and prospective applications in various industries, and future challenges. Promoting these biocatalysts will prove significant in betterment of the modern world.

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Section: Microbial Proteasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Alkaline Proteasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial proteases: ubiquitous enzymes with innumerable uses

Putatunda²,

et al. 2021

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“…Other microorganisms such as algae, fungi, and fermented foods have also been used to obtain fibrinolytic enzymes by either using different fermentation methods or aqueous two phase systems (Nascimento et al, 2016;Meshram et al, 2017). Algae are sources for fibrinolytic enzymes that belong to proteases, metalloproteases, and tissue-type plasminogen activator (Choi et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2013;Moon et al, 2014;Kang et al, 2016;Min et al, 2016;Silva et al, 2018;de Barros et al, 2020) (Table 2); while fungi are important sources for fibrinolytic enzymes that belong to proteases, metalloproteases and metalloendopeptidase (Rovati et al, 2009;Choi et al, 2011;Kim et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2012;Palanivel et al, 2013;Ahmad et al, 2014;Liu et al, 2014;Kotb et al, 2015;Shukor et al, 2015;Meshram et al, 2016;Nascimento et al, 2016;Meshram et al, 2017;Liu et al, 2017;da Silva et al, 2019) (Table 3).…”

Section: Microorganisms As Sources Of Fibrinolytic Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Fibrinolytic Enzymes in Anti-Thrombosis Therapy

Altaf

Kasim

2021

Front. Mol. Biosci.

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Thrombosis, a major cause of deaths in this modern era responsible for 31% of all global deaths reported by WHO in 2017, is due to the aggregation of fibrin in blood vessels which leads to myocardial infarction or other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Classical agents such as anti-platelet, anti-coagulant drugs or other enzymes used for thrombosis treatment at present could leads to unwanted side effects including bleeding complication, hemorrhage and allergy. Furthermore, their high cost is a burden for patients, especially for those from low and middle-income countries. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop novel and low-cost drugs for thrombosis treatment. Fibrinolytic enzymes, including plasmin like proteins such as proteases, nattokinase, and lumbrokinase, as well as plasminogen activators such as urokinase plasminogen activator, and tissue-type plasminogen activator, could eliminate thrombi with high efficacy rate and do not have significant drawbacks by directly degrading the fibrin. Furthermore, they could be produced with high-yield and in a cost-effective manner from microorganisms as well as other sources. Hence, they have been considered as potential compounds for thrombosis therapy. Herein, we will discuss about natural mechanism of fibrinolysis and thrombus formation, the production of fibrinolytic enzymes from different sources and their application as drugs for thrombosis therapy.

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“… Fungal-derived enzymes with fibrinolytic potential and their mechanism of action [ 5 , 31 , 66 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 ]. …”

Section: Microbes In Thrombolytic Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 4. Fungal-derived enzymes with fibrinolytic potential and their mechanism of action [5,31,66,[101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115]…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thrombolytic Enzymes of Microbial Origin: A Review

Diwan

Usmani

Sharma

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Enzyme therapies are attracting significant attention as thrombolytic drugs during the current scenario owing to their great affinity, specificity, catalytic activity, and stability. Among various sources, the application of microbial-derived thrombolytic and fibrinolytic enzymes to prevent and treat vascular occlusion is promising due to their advantageous cost–benefit ratio and large-scale production. Thrombotic complications such as stroke, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis, and peripheral occlusive diseases resulting from blood vessel blockage are the major cause of poor prognosis and mortality. Given the ability of microbial thrombolytic enzymes to dissolve blood clots and prevent any adverse effects, their use as a potential thrombolytic therapy has attracted great interest. A better understanding of the hemostasis and fibrinolytic system may aid in improving the efficacy and safety of this treatment approach over classical thrombolytic agents. Here, we concisely discuss the physiological mechanism of thrombus formation, thrombo-, and fibrinolysis, thrombolytic and fibrinolytic agents isolated from bacteria, fungi, and algae along with their mode of action and the potential application of microbial enzymes in thrombosis therapy.

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Xylarinase: a novel clot busting enzyme from an endophytic fungusXylaria curta

Cited by 19 publications

References 44 publications

Microbial proteases: ubiquitous enzymes with innumerable uses

Microbial proteases: ubiquitous enzymes with innumerable uses

Role of Fibrinolytic Enzymes in Anti-Thrombosis Therapy

Thrombolytic Enzymes of Microbial Origin: A Review

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