Yeast Associated with Rice Phylloplane and Their Contribution to Control of Rice Sheath Blight Disease

Abstract

The phylloplane is an important habitat for yeasts and these yeasts may have antagonistic activities against pathogens and could be used as biocontrol agents. To investigate rice phylloplane yeasts, 282 strains were isolated from 89 rice leaf samples and identified as 15 known yeast species in the phylum Ascomycota and 35 known and two potential new species in the phylum Basidiomycota. The majority of rice phylloplane yeasts belonged to the phylum Basidiomycota. The evaluation of antagonistic activities of 83 yeast strains against rice pathogenic fungi Pyricularia oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium moniliforme, Helminthosporium oryzae and Curvularia lunata revealed that 14 strains inhibited these pathogens. Among the antagonistic strains, Torulaspora indica DMKU-RP31, T. indica DMKU-RP35 and Wickerhamomyces anomalus DMKU-RP25 inhibited all rice pathogens tested, and the production of volatile organic compounds, fungal cell wall degrading enzymes and biofilm were the possible antagonistic mechanisms against all rice pathogens tested in vitro. These yeast strains were evaluated for controlling rice sheath blight caused by R. solani in rice plants in the greenhouse and were found to suppress the disease by 60.0–70.3%, whereas 3% validamycin suppressed by 83.8%. Therefore, they have potential for being developed to be used as biocontrol agents for rice sheath blight.

Evaluation of Multifarious Plant Growth Promoting Trials of Yeast Isolated from the Soil of Assam Tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) Plantations in Northern Thailand

“…The results indicated that only two yeast species, P. laurentii and W. anomalus , were able to solubilize the insoluble form of phosphate (Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 ), and zinc (ZnO and ZnCO 3 ). These results were similar to those of other previous studies which reported on the phosphate and zinc-solubilizing abilities of both yeast species [ 26 , 65 , 80 , 81 , 82 ]. Moreover, some species of yeast in the genera Aureobasidium, Barnettozyma, Candida, Holtermanniella, Lachancea, Pichia, Rhodotrula, Saccharomyces, Torulaspora have been recognized for their phosphate and zinc-solubilizing abilities [ 26 , 29 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 ].…”

“…These results were similar to those of other previous studies which reported on the phosphate and zinc-solubilizing abilities of both yeast species [ 26 , 65 , 80 , 81 , 82 ]. Moreover, some species of yeast in the genera Aureobasidium, Barnettozyma, Candida, Holtermanniella, Lachancea, Pichia, Rhodotrula, Saccharomyces, Torulaspora have been recognized for their phosphate and zinc-solubilizing abilities [ 26 , 29 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 ]. Additionally, a number of previous studies have reported that the insoluble mineral solubilization ability of yeast cultures can vary depending on the type of mineral and yeast species as well as the particular yeast strain [ 26 , 29 , 83 , 84 ].…”

“…Our study found that the yeast strains belonging to P. laurentii and W. anomalus displayed the most promising plant growth promoting activities. Previous studies reported that P. laurentii and W. anomalus could be isolated from soil samples, and they displayed multifarious plant growth promoting activity [ 26 , 28 , 69 , 81 , 91 ]. In 2016, Moller et al [ 92 ] reported that the L. laurentii strain CAB 91 isolated from the rhizosphere soil of the blue lupin ( Lupinus angustifolius ) could enhance the growth of the blue lupin and improve its nutritional physiology.…”

Botrytis cinerea and Table Grapes: A Review of the Main Physical, Chemical, and Bio-Based Control Treatments in Post-Harvest

“…Consumers widely accept the development of bio-based applications to exert microbial control in agro-food chains because of the growing demand for eco-friendly approaches and products free of synthetic chemicals [ 78 , 79 , 80 ]. For these purposes, several protective cultures [ 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 ] and compounds of biological origin [ 80 , 85 ] have been assessed for their possible use as Biological Control Agents (BCAs) against B. cinerea in table grapes.…”

Identification of Genes Involved in Antifungal Activity of Burkholderia seminalis Against Rhizoctonia solani Using Tn5 Transposon Mutation Method

“…However, some concerns have been raised about the effect of synthetic chemicals on human health and the environment as well as pathogen resistance due to the long-term use of chemical fungicide in food crops [ 2 , 3 ]. In the past few years, the biological control of ShB was also reported in several studies by using various microbial antagonists such as Bacillus subtilis strain 916 [ 4 ], Chaetomium aureum strain MF-91 [ 5 ], Trichoderma asperellum [ 6 ] and Phylloplane yeasts [ 7 ].…”