Yield and yield components of maize and soil physical properties as affected by tillage practices and organic mulching

Ramadhan, Marwan Noori

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.005

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…A aplicação isolada de fungicida, do indutor MASTER PROTECTION na dose de 0,5 L ha -1 combinada ou não com fungicidas, bem como a aplicação de PROTIPO A nesta mesma dosagem em combinação com fungicida, mostraram-se mais eficientes que a aplicação do indutor PROTOTIPO A na dose de 0,5 L ha -1 isoladamente (Tabela 4). Além da dependência genética o NFG também é afetado pelas condições de cultivo como estresse hídrico, déficit nutricional, compactação do solo e injúrias sofridas pela cultura (Ramadhan 2021).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Indutores de resistência incrementam a produtividade e reduzem severidade da ferrugem na cultura do milho

2022

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A ativação de respostas defensivas de plantas é uma ferramenta promissora para o controle doenças na agricultura convencional. Os mecanismos de defesas da planta envolvem muitas mudanças físicas e bioquímicas nas células vegetais como espessamento de cutícula, extensão das células e aumento na atividade enzimática. A incorporação de indutores de resistência em programas de manejo de doenças, isoladamente ou em combinação com métodos clássicos, pode ser um método confiável para reduzir a quantidade de resíduos químicos no meio ambiente. Neste estudo avaliou-se o desempenho agronômico e a susceptibilidade à doenças fúngicas de plantas de milho submetidas à aplicação de indutores de resistência de modo exclusivo e em combinação com fungicidas. Um experimento de campo foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos completos casualizados, com quatro repetições. A aplicação dos indutores de resistência combinados ou não com fungicidas (tratamentos) foi realizada em dois momentos: a primeira quando as plantas apresentavam 4 folhas desenvolvidas (V4) e a segunda em pré-pendoamento. Ganhos entre 25 a 40% na produtividade de grãos foram obtidos com a aplicação de indutores de resistência combinados com fungicidas em comparação ao manejo da cultura sem fungicidas. A aplicação do indutor de resistência MASTER PROTECTION na dose de 0,5 L ha-1 de forma exclusiva permite reduzir o uso de fungicidas no cultivo do milho, mantém a produtividade acima de 100 sacas ha-1 e reduz significativamente a severidade da ferrugem.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Indutores de resistência incrementam a produtividade e reduzem severidade da ferrugem na cultura do milho

2022

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“…With increasing depth, the pressure of the upper soil layers increases on the layers below it, which increases the overlap of soil particles with each other, decreases pore size and increases density. The bulk density of a silty clay soil increases with soil depth, according to [23] and [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Tillage Systems and Herbicide Type on the Growth and Yield of Wheat and the Growth Parameters of Associated Weeds

Safi,

Ramadhan

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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The investigation was placed in the Al-Ghamij region, which is located north of Basrah in Iraq, in silty-clay soil. Three tillage systems were used in the study: conventional tillage with a moldboard plow, reduced-tillage with a disc harrow, and the no-till system. Additionally, three herbicides were used: Chevalier (300 g ha-1), Granstar (15-20 g ha-1), and Topic (0.75 l ha-1) to control weed growth. According to the RCBD design, using split plots, with the main plots devoted to tillage techniques and the split plots to herbicide. The results showed the significant superiority of the reduced-tillage system by the disc harrow, with the fewest weeds per square meter, the fewest weeds dry weight per square meter, the tallest plants, the most tillers per square meter, the most spikes per square meter, the most grain yield, and the most biological yield totaling (48.7 plants m-2, 3.82g m-2, 81.67 cm, 370.78 tiller m-2, 344.4 spike m-2,4519.00 kg ha-1, and 10340.00 kg ha-1), compared to no-till and reduced-tillage methods, conventional tillage using a moldboard plow resulted in the highest number of weeds, the highest dry weight of the weeds, the shortest plant, the fewest tillers per square meter, the fewest spikes per square meter, the smallest grain and biological yield (105.3 plants m-2, 10.20 g m-2, 78.33 cm, 310.22 tiller m-2, 264.9 spike m-2, 3296.00 kg ha-1, and 9985.00 kg ha-1). The results of the study demonstrated the significant superiority of the Chevalier herbicide as it exhibited lower dry weight of weeds per square meter, the highest plant, more tillers and spikes per square meter, and the highest biological yield (4.49 g m-2, 82.33 cm, 347.89 tiller m-2, 309.7 spike m-2 and 10301.00 kg ha-1) respectively,. On the other hand, the Topic herbicide displayed the highest weeds dry weight, shortest plants, the lowest number of tillers and spikes, and the lowest biological yield (8.87 g m-2, 78.00 cm, 326.11 tiller m-2, 297.7 spike m-2 and 10023.00 kg ha-1).

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“…In Uganda, although NT and stubble mulch improved soil water storage and the yield of common beans, seasonal precipitation distribution had a greater influence on the final grain yield, soil water storage, and WUE [123]. In Iraq, as compared with RT, DT and CT could break the compacted zone in the soil, leading to a better soil environment and crop yield [110]. When compared with RT, wheat straw mulch could be a more efficient soil management practice for corn production in an arid subtropical climate region.…”

Section: Physical Properties Of Soilmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…NT with 60 cm residue height (NT60) led to lower SBD and higher soil moisture content than that of NT30, and the SBD under NT30, NT60, RT30, and RT60 was higher than that under CT. In the maize fields of Iraq, compared with RT and DT, CT decreased SBD but increased soil water content [110]. The soil surface under NT/RT with residue retention is usually colder and wetter, and SBD is higher than that under CT, which could affect the growth of plant roots and the absorption of nutrients.…”

Section: Effects On Soil Structure and Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…ST 30-40 cm with straw mulch improved the soil moisture and heat conditions and increased the potato yield and income by more efficiently using water and heat resources, which has application and popularization value in dryland cultivation. In the maize fields of Iraq, the wheat straw mulch increased the plant height, yield components, grain and biomass yield, as well as soil water content [110], and mulching of 8000 kg/ha had the largest positive effects on maize yield.…”

Section: Effects On Pests/natural Enemiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Conservation Tillage in Medicinal Plant Cultivation in China: What, Why, and How

Hao

Xiao

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Ecological cultivation is a promising regime for medicinal plant production. For a long time, unreasonable farming methods have threatened soil health and medicinal agriculture and restricted the sustainable development of ecological agriculture for medicinal plants. However, there is a lack of comprehensive discourse and discussion about the pros and cons of different tillage regimes. Here, the research trend and application prospects of no-tillage (NT) are comprehensively reviewed, and the ecological benefits, challenges, and opportunities of the NT system in ecological agriculture of medicinal plants are scrutinized, aiming to call for an about-face in the sustainable conservation and utilization of both phytomedicine resources and agricultural/ecological resources. An exhaustive literature search in PubMed, Bing, Scopus, and CNKI was performed to outline the research trend in conservation tillage and medicinal plants during the recent four decades. The application of NT has a long history and can reduce tillage frequency and intensity and protect soil from erosion and deterioration. NT is often combined with organic mulch to significantly reduce soil disturbance. NT and stover mulching have the advantages of saving manpower and resources and improving soil quality, crop yield, and quality. The ecological and economic benefits of NT in long-term medicinal plant cultivation could be prominent. In developing medicinal plant cultivation, competing with food crops should be avoided as much as possible, and the impact on the production of major grain crops should be minimized. Therefore, the full utilization of soil resources in forests, mountains, and wasteland is advocated, and sustainable soil utilization is the core issue in the process of land reclamation. NT and stover mulching not only inherit the traditional concept of “natural farming”, conform to the basic laws of ecology, as well as the growth characteristics of medicinal plants, but also protect the ecological environment of the production area. It would become the core strategy of ecological agriculture for medicinal plants. Our summary and discussions would help propose countermeasures to popularize NT and organic mulch, promote relevant research and scientific allocation of resources, and adapt to local conditions to achieve precise management and harmonize conservation and production of medicinal plants.

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Yield and yield components of maize and soil physical properties as affected by tillage practices and organic mulching

Cited by 21 publications

References 10 publications

Indutores de resistência incrementam a produtividade e reduzem severidade da ferrugem na cultura do milho

Indutores de resistência incrementam a produtividade e reduzem severidade da ferrugem na cultura do milho

The Impact of Tillage Systems and Herbicide Type on the Growth and Yield of Wheat and the Growth Parameters of Associated Weeds

Conservation Tillage in Medicinal Plant Cultivation in China: What, Why, and How

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