Yokoyama procedure for cyclic strabismus with axial high myopia:a case report

Abstract

Background It is a very rare form of ocular motility characterized by alternating strabismus and orthotropia. We report a patient with a 48-h cycle of esohypotropia associated with axial high myopia that resolved by Yokoyama procedure. Case presentation A 43-year-old female patient who underwent left medial rectus muscle recession and lateral rectus muscle resection elsewhere due to highly myopic strabismus 2 years ago. The patient experienced a recurrence of left esohypotropia 12 months after undergoing surgery, exhibiting a 48-hour cycle. The cycle is one full day of esohypotropia and one day of orthotropia. The patient exhibited a case of high myopia in the left eye, characterized by a diopter measurement of -24.00DS and an eye axis measurement of 28.43 mm. Orbital CT showed supertemporal dislocation of the posterior portion of the elongated globe out from the muscle cone. Based on these observations, we performed Yokoyama procedure by uniting the muscle bellies of the superior rectus(SR) and lateral rectus (LR) muscles to restoring the dislocated globe back into the muscle cone. Conclusions When cyclic strabismus is combined with axial high myopia, the Yokoyama procedure was effective and cycles are successfully terminated without overcorrection on no squint days. The purpose of this procedure is to put the dislocated globe back into its muscle cone by uniting the muscle bellies of the superior rectus and lateral rectus.