YOLO and Blockchain Technology Applied to Intelligent Transportation License Plate Character Recognition for Security

Abstract

Privacy and trust are significant issues in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). Data security is critical in ITS systems since sensitive user data is communicated to another user over the internet through wireless devices and routes such as radio channels, optical fiber, and blockchain technology. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of connected, interconnected gadgets. Privacy issues occasionally arise due to the amount of data generated. However, they have been primarily addressed by blockchain and smart contract technology. While there are still security issues with smart contracts, primarily due to the complexity of writing the code, there are still many challenges to consider when designing blockchain designs for the IoT environment. This study uses traditional blockchain technology with the "You Only Look Once" (YOLO) object detection method to accurately locate and identify license plates. While YOLO and blockchain technologies used for intelligent vehicle license plate recognition are promising, they have received limited research attention. Real-time object identification and recognition would be possible by combining a cutting-edge object detection technique with a regional convolutional neural network (RCNN) built with the tensor flow core open source libraries. This method works reasonably well for identifying any license plate. The Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR) approach delivered outstanding results in various datasets. First, with a recognition rate of 96.2%, our system (UFPR-ALPR) surpassed the previously used technology, consisting of 4500 frames and around 150 films. Second, a deep learning algorithm was trained to recognize images of license plate numbers using the UFPR-ALPR dataset. Third, the license plate's characters were complicated for standard methods to identify because of the shifting lighting correctly. The proposed model, however, produced beneficial outcomes. KEYWORDS Intelligent transportation system; blockchain technology; license plate recognition; privacy; YOLO; deep learning technique; ALPRAdditionally, noise removal techniques such as Gaussian blur and median filtering were applied to remove any noise or artifacts in the license plate images. Finally, the pre-processed dataset was split into training, and testing sets with a ratio of 80:20 to evaluate the model's performance on unseen data. These pre-processing techniques ensure that the license plate recognition model is trained on a high-quality dataset, leading to improved accuracy in the recognition process. Materials and MethodsInformation about traffic management, environmental changes, and congestion is gathered and disseminated through a transportation system known as ITS. Communications between vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure are made possible by ITS in various ways. In addition, ITS includes information from both wired and wireless connections. Infrastructure-to-infrastructure communication typically uses cable technology, while V2V and V2I communication frequently use wireles...