Zebrafish Comparative Genomics and the Origins of Vertebrate Chromosomes

Postlethwait, John H.; Woods, Ian G.; Ngo-Hazelett, Phuong; Yan, Yi; Kelly, Peter D.; Chu, Felicia; Huang, Hui; Hill-Force, Alicia; Talbot, William S.

doi:10.1101/gr.164800

Cited by 617 publications

(433 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Both LG 15 and LG 5 contain multiple orthologs of human genes located on chromosome 11 (Table 4). The presence of lim1 and lim6 (zebrafish duplicates of the single human LHX1 gene) on LG 15 and LG 5 (Postlethwait et al, 2000) is consistent with the view that these are duplicate chromosome segments. Taken together, these data support the conclusion that drd2a and drd2c are duplicate genes strictly orthologous to the single mammalian D2 receptor gene.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Evolution and expression of D2 and D3 dopamine receptor genes in zebrafish

Boehmler

Obrecht-Pflumio

Canfield

et al. 2004

Developmental Dynamics

146

122

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We mined the zebrafish genomic sequence database and identified contigs containing segments of several dopamine receptor genes. By using a polymerase chain reaction amplification strategy, we generated full-length cDNAs encoding a single dopamine D3 receptor and three distinct D2 receptor subtypes. Zebrafish dopamine receptor genes were mapped by using the T51 radiation hybrid panel. The D3 receptor gene (drd3) mapped to linkage group (LG) 24. The three D2 receptor genes were localized to LG 15 (drd2a), LG 16, (drd2b), and LG 5 (drd2c). With the exception of the drd2b gene, each of these map positions was syntenic with regions of human chromosomes containing orthologs of the zebrafish dopamine receptor genes. Whole-mount in situ hybridization was used to investigate expression of the D2 and D3 receptor genes. Expression of the drd3 gene was first detected at mid-somitogenesis and was particularly prominent in somites. Thereafter, the drd3 gene was expressed diffusely throughout the brain and spinal cord. The three D2 receptor genes were expressed throughout the central nervous system (CNS) in distinct but overlapping patterns. In early embryos, the drd2a gene was expressed exclusively in the epiphysis, whereas the drd2c gene was localized to the notochord. After 24 hpf, the drd2a, drd2b, and drd2c genes were differentially expressed throughout the CNS. The identification of dopamine receptor genes in zebrafish should allow us to use the power of zebrafish genetics to analyze the functional properties of this important class of neurotransmitter receptors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Evolution and expression of D2 and D3 dopamine receptor genes in zebrafish

Boehmler

Obrecht-Pflumio

Canfield

et al. 2004

Developmental Dynamics

146

122

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“…These include (i) the relative ease of maintaining large stocks of animals, (ii) its high fecundity, providing large numbers of animals for analysis, and (iii) rapid embryonic development ex utero, which facilitates experimental manipulation and allows the direct observation of tissue formation and organogenesis in vivo (Westerfield, 2000). The organization of the genome and the genetic pathways controlling signal transduction and development are highly conserved between zebrafish and man (Postlethwait et al, 2000). These properties have established the zebrafish as an excellent model system that is relevant to studies of human diseases (Grunwald and Eisen, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Associative Learning in Larval Zebrafish

Best¹,

Berghmans²,

Hunt³

et al. 2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

216

150

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Habituation, where a response is reduced when exposed to a continuous stimulus is one of the simplest forms of non-associative learning and has been shown in a number of organisms from sea slugs to rodents. However, very little has been reported in the zebrafish, a model that is gaining popularity for high-throughput compound screens. Furthermore, since most of the studies involving learning and memory in zebrafish have been conducted in adults, we sought to determine if zebrafish larvae could display non-associative learning and whether it could be modulated by compounds identified in previous rodent studies. We demonstrated that zebrafish larvae (7 days post fertilization) exhibit iterative reduction in a startle response to a series of acoustic stimuli. Furthermore, this reduction satisfied criteria for habituation: spontaneous recovery, more rapid reductions in startle to shorter intertrial intervals and dishabituation. We then investigated the pathways mediating this behavior using established compounds in learning and memory. Administration of rolipram (PDE4 inhibitor), donepezil (acetylcholinesterase inhibitor), and memantine (N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonist) all increased the acoustic startle response and decreased habituation in the larvae, similar to previous rodent studies. Further studies demonstrated that NMDA blocked the memantine response and the effect of donepezil was blocked by mecamylamine but not atropine suggesting that the donepezil response was mediated by nicotinic rather than muscarinic receptors. Zebrafish larvae possess numerous advantages for medium to high-throughput screening; the model described herein therefore offers the potential to screen for additional compounds for further study on cognition function.

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“…Zebrafish have gained popularity as a model organism for the study of vertebrate development, largely due to its ex utero development, optical clarity, and ease of gene manipulation using antisense technology (Nasevicius and Ekker, 2000;Ackermann and Paw, 2003;Dambly-Chaudiere et al, 2003). The teleosts including zebrafish have undergone a genome-wide duplication relative to mammals and all other vertebrates (Postlethwait et al, 2000). This has often led to the formation of orthologous pairs of genes whose functions together represent that of the single gene in mammals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning and embryonic expression of zebrafish PCSK5 co‐orthologues: Functional assessment during lateral line development

Chitramuthu

Baranowski

Cadieux

et al. 2010

Developmental Dynamics

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Pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin 5 (PC5, also known as PC6) is a member of the subtilisin-like superfamily of serine proteases implicated in the maturation of latent precursor proteins into their functionally active derivatives. To investigate the functional roles, we have cloned the cDNA sequences encoding two candidate zebrafish PC5 convertases (designated as PCSK5.1 and PCSK5.2) co-orthologous to the single PC5 encoding gene (PCSK5) found in mammals. Both display syntenic correspondence to the human PCSK5 gene. Overall gene architecture has been conserved across species. While PC5.1 mRNA expression is very discrete within the otic vesicle and lateral line neuromasts, PC5.2 transcripts are more ubiquitously expressed within the central nervous system together with specific localization in various organs including liver, intestine, and otic vesicle. Zebrafish PC5.1-deficient embryos display abnormal neuromast deposition within the lateral line system and lack a normal touch response, consistent with the known sensory role that the lateral line plays in spatial awareness and sensing the environment.

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Zebrafish Comparative Genomics and the Origins of Vertebrate Chromosomes

Cited by 617 publications

References 79 publications

Evolution and expression of D2 and D3 dopamine receptor genes in zebrafish

Evolution and expression of D2 and D3 dopamine receptor genes in zebrafish

Non-Associative Learning in Larval Zebrafish

Molecular cloning and embryonic expression of zebrafish PCSK5 co‐orthologues: Functional assessment during lateral line development

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