Zika virus – emergence, evolution, pathology, diagnosis, and control: current global scenario and future perspectives – a comprehensive review

Singh, Raj Kumar; Dhama, Kuldeep; Malik, Yashpal Singh; Ramakrishnan, Muthannan Andavar; Karthik, Kumaragurubaran; Tiwari, Ruchi; Saurabh, Sharad; Sachan, Swati; Joshi, Sunil

doi:10.1080/01652176.2016.1188333

Cited by 62 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 261 publications

(343 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It was first detected in a primate (rhesus macaque) in 1947 and consequently isolated from its vectors (Aedes africanus) in 1948 in Zika Valley, Uganda, Africa [1,2]. It is typically transmitted by mosquito bite, with Aedes aegypti being the main vector nowadays, and Aedes albopictus and Aedes polynesiensis the next most important ones [3]. In addition, sexual transmission has also been reported [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging findings of Zika virus infection: a review article

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroimaging findings of Zika virus infection: a review article

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…However, the future status of ZIKV distribution to the other regions of the world remains a mystery. 2, 3 Owing to the limited knowledge of ZIKV's genomic, proteomic and molecular mechanisms, neither potent drugs nor effective vaccines are presently available on the market. Thus, the present scenario has manifested a higher demand for safe and effective therapeutics to control the effects of ZIKV infection and to improve the quality of life and lifespan of individuals suffering with ZIKV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview on Zika Virus and the Importance of Computational Drug Discovery

Panwar¹

2018

Journal of Exploratory Research in Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the beginning of the century, viral infection has become a widespread problem to public health globally. Recently, the latest newcomer of the Flaviviridae family, the Zika virus, has emerged as a potential global threat to human health. Due to lack of sufficient data at present, Zika infection has become a major cause of Zika fever, central nervous system malformations such as microcephaly, severe neuroimmunopathology, fetal abnormalities, and recently Guillain-Barre syndrome. The lack of genomic as well as proteomic information keeps the Zika virus under examination by a multitude of researchers. The rapid increase in Zika viral infections has been classified as a public health emergency by the World Health Organization. Neither preventive antiviral drugs nor effective vaccines are available on the market for combating Zika infection. Urgent innovative research is necessary to facilitate the development of protective and fruitful therapeutic agents, to improve lifespan of individuals throughout the world. Thus, we present this review to summarize the current research findings for Zika viral infection and to highlight the importance of computational drug discovery in the development of potent antiviral inhibitors against the Zika virus. We also anticipate that the information in this review will present a valuable opportunity for the prediction of efficient novel therapeutic remedies for controlling Zika.

show abstract

“…Like those of closely related flaviviruses, such as dengue (DENV), West Nile (WNV), yellow fever (YFV), and Japanese encephalitis (JEV) viruses, the structural proteins are involved in virion formation, attachment, and entry into host cells (14), whereas the nonstructural proteins participate in genome replication, virion assembly, and evasion of host antiviral responses (15)(16)(17). The recent expansion of the geographic range and the severity of the virus-induced diseases in humans suggest genetic evolution of ZIKV (2,9,(18)(19)(20)(21). Adaptive evolution resulting from accumulation of genetic changes and/or stochastic introduction of the virus into large naive human populations have been proposed to account for ZIKV emergence with pathogenic potential (2,4,18,22).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika Virus Encoding Nonglycosylated Envelope Protein Is Attenuated and Defective in Neuroinvasion

Annamalai

Pattnaik

Sahoo

et al. 2017

J Virol

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-transmitted flavivirus responsible for sporadic outbreaks of mild and febrile illness in Africa and Asia, reemerged in the last decade causing serious human diseases, including microcephaly, congenital malformations, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Although genomic and phylogenetic analyses suggest that genetic evolution may have led to the enhanced virulence of ZIKV, experimental evidence supporting the role of specific genetic changes in virulence is currently lacking. One sequence motif, VNDT, containing an N-linked glycosylation site in the envelope (E) protein, is polymorphic; it is absent in many of the African isolates but present in all isolates from the recent outbreaks. In the present study, we investigated the roles of this sequence motif and glycosylation of the E protein in the pathogenicity of ZIKV. We first constructed a stable full-length cDNA clone of ZIKV in a novel linear vector from which infectious virus was recovered. The recombinant ZIKV generated from the infectious clone, which contains the VNDT motif, is highly pathogenic and causes lethality in a mouse model. In contrast, recombinant viruses from which the VNDT motif is deleted or in which the N-linked glycosylation site is mutated by single-amino-acid substitution are highly attenuated and nonlethal. The mutant viruses replicate poorly in the brains of infected mice when inoculated subcutaneously but replicate well following intracranial inoculation. Our findings provide the first evidence that N-linked glycosylation of the E protein is an important determinant of ZIKV virulence and neuroinvasion.IMPORTANCE The recent emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) in the Americas has caused major worldwide public health concern. The virus appears to have gained significant pathogenicity, causing serious human diseases, including microcephaly and Guillain-Barré syndrome. The factors responsible for the emergence of pathogenic ZIKV are not understood at this time, although genetic changes have been shown to facilitate virus transmission. All isolates from the recent outbreaks contain an N-linked glycosylation site within the viral envelope (E) protein, whereas many isolates of the African lineage virus lack this site. To elucidate the functional significance of glycosylation in ZIKV pathogenicity, recombinant ZIKVs from infectious clones with or without the glycan on the E protein were generated. ZIKVs lacking the glycan were highly attenuated for the ability to cause mortality in a mouse model and were severely compromised for neuroinvasion. Our studies suggest glycosylation of the E protein is an important factor contributing to ZIKV pathogenicity.

show abstract

Zika virus – emergence, evolution, pathology, diagnosis, and control: current global scenario and future perspectives – a comprehensive review

Cited by 62 publications

References 261 publications

Neuroimaging findings of Zika virus infection: a review article

Neuroimaging findings of Zika virus infection: a review article

An Overview on Zika Virus and the Importance of Computational Drug Discovery

Zika Virus Encoding Nonglycosylated Envelope Protein Is Attenuated and Defective in Neuroinvasion

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About