ZIKA virus isolated from mosquitoes: a field and laboratory investigation in China, 2016

Abstract

A field investigation of arboviruses was conducted in Dejiang, Guizhou Province in the summer of 2016. A total of 8,795 mosquitoes, belonging to four species of three genera, and 1,300 midges were collected. The mosquito samples were identified on site according to their morphology, and the pooled samples were ground and centrifuged in the laboratory. The supernatant was incubated with mosquito tissue culture cells (C6/36) and mammalian cells (BHK-21) for virus isolation. The results indicated that 40% (3,540/8,795) were Anopheles sinensis, 30% (2,700/8,795) were Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, and 29% (2,530/8,795) were Armigeres subbalbeatus. Furthermore, a total of eight virus isolates were obtained, and genome sequencing revealed two Zika viruses (ZIKVs) isolated from Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and Armigeres subbalbeatus, respectively; three Japanese encephalitis viruses (JEVs) isolated from Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus; two Banna viruses (BAVs) isolated from Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and Anopheles sinensis, respectively; and one densovirus (DNV) isolated from Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus. The ZIKVs isolated from the Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus and Armigeres subbalbeatus mosquitoes represent the first ZIKV isolates in mainland China. This discovery presents new challenges for the prevention and control of ZIKV in China, and prompts international cooperation on this global issue.

Cross-Protection Against Zika Virus Infection Conferred by a Live Attenuated Japanese Encephalitis SA14-14-2 Vaccine

“…and Xiao et al . identified ZIKV in mosquitoes in Guizhou province and Yunnan province (40, 41), indicating that ZIKV is present in China. Therefore, it is inevitable that JEV and ZIKV co-circulate.…”

Mosquito-Associated Viruses in China

“…Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the strains (GZDJ1685) from Culex quinquefasciatus was clustered into the Asian branch along with isolates from Brazil (2015), Puerto Rico (2015), and Yap Island (2007) (Song et al 2017 ). This is the first report of ZIKV isolation in nature in China and presents new challenges for the prevention and control of ZIKV in China (Fu et al 2017 ; Song et al 2017 ).…”

“…Since the Aedes mosquitoes are broadly distributed in southern China, where warm weather and precipitation are ideal for promoting the population growth of Aedes , the risk of imported ZIKV spreading within these regions is increasing (Su et al 2016 ). In addition, two ZIKV strains were isolated from Culex quinquefasciatus and Armigeres subbalbeatus respectively in a survey in Guizhou province, in August, 2016 (Fu et al 2017 ). Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the strains (GZDJ1685) from Culex quinquefasciatus was clustered into the Asian branch along with isolates from Brazil (2015), Puerto Rico (2015), and Yap Island (2007) (Song et al 2017 ).…”

Zika Virus Non-structural Protein 4A Blocks the RLR-MAVS Signaling

“…Zika virus (ZIKV) is a re-emerging Flaviviridae member that was first identified in a sentinel rhesus monkey in the Zika Forest of Uganda in 1947 ( Dick et al, 1952 ). ZIKV then spread to Asia and more recently the Central and South America ( Cao-Lormeau and Musso, 2014 ; Colon-Gonzalez et al, 2017 ; Fu et al, 2017 ; Perry et al, 2017 ). Increasing evidence suggests that ZIKV infection is responsible for severe neurological complications such as neonatal microcephaly, adult Guillain-Barre syndrome, and maculopathy ( Oehler et al, 2014 ; Cao-Lormeau et al, 2016 ; Miranda-Filho Dde et al, 2016 ; Petersen et al, 2016 ).…”