Zika virus pathogenesis and current therapeutic advances

Mwaliko, Caroline; Nyaruaba, Raphael; Zhao, Lu; Atoni, Evans; Karungu, Samuel; Mwau, Matilu; Lavillette, Dimitri; Xia, Han; Yuan, Zhi Ming

doi:10.1080/20477724.2020.1845005

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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“…Vaccination against serious infectious diseases such as Influenza, Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis in pregnant women is recommended worldwide [ 27 ]. However, currently there is no approved vaccine to prevent ZKV infection and no specific treatments [ 28 ]. Previous infection with ZKV can induce long-term immunological memory [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Zika virus in pregnant women from central Thailand

et al. 2021

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Zika virus (ZKV) infection in a pregnant woman, especially during the first trimester, often results in congenital anomalies. However, the pathogenic mechanism is unknown and one-third of ZKV infected pregnancies are asymptomatic. Neutralizing antibodies against ZKV has been reported in 70% of Thai adults, but the prevalence among pregnant women is unknown. Currently, vaccines and specific treatments for ZKV are under development. A better understanding of the immune status of pregnant women will increase the success of effective prevention guidelines. The prevalence of ZKV infection in pregnant women in antenatal care clinics was investigated during the rainy season from May to October 2019 at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. We recruited 650 pregnant women (39.42% first, 52.26% second and 7.36% third trimester) and found that 30.77% had ZKV-specific IgG, and 39.81% had neutralizing antibodies (nAb) against ZKV (titer ≥10). Specific and neutralizing antibody levels varied by maternal age, trimester, and month. We further characterized the cross-reaction between ZKV and the four Dengue virus (DENV) serotypes by focused reduction neutralization test (FRNT) and found that cross-reactions were common. In conclusion, about 60% of pregnant women who living in central Thailand may be at risk of ZKV infection due to the absence of neutralizing antibodies against ZKV. The functions of cross-reactive antibodies between related viral genotypes require further study. These findings have implications for health care monitoring in pregnant women including determining the risk of ZKV infection, assisting the development of a flavivirus vaccine, and informing the development of preventative health policies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Zika virus in pregnant women from central Thailand

et al. 2021

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“…Aedes mosquitoes are regarded as the main carriers of ZIKV and can transfer this virus during feeding on human primates. During feeding, the virus is injected by mosquitoes which further replicates in dendric cells and is subsequently transported in the blood to other organs and tissues [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Tropical Diseases (Tds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Tropical Diseases Caused by Mosquitoes Using CRISPR-Based Biosensors

Zakiyyah

Ibrahim²,

Babiker³

et al. 2022

TropicalMed

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Tropical diseases (TDs) are among the leading cause of mortality and fatality globally. The emergence and reemergence of TDs continue to challenge healthcare system. Several tropical diseases such as yellow fever, tuberculosis, cholera, Ebola, HIV, rotavirus, dengue, and malaria outbreaks have led to endemics and epidemics around the world, resulting in millions of deaths. The increase in climate change, migration and urbanization, overcrowding, and other factors continue to increase the spread of TDs. More cases of TDs are recorded as a result of substandard health care systems and lack of access to clean water and food. Early diagnosis of these diseases is crucial for treatment and control. Despite the advancement and development of numerous diagnosis assays, the healthcare system is still hindered by many challenges which include low sensitivity, specificity, the need of trained pathologists, the use of chemicals and a lack of point of care (POC) diagnostic. In order to address these issues, scientists have adopted the use of CRISPR/Cas systems which are gene editing technologies that mimic bacterial immune pathways. Recent advances in CRISPR-based biotechnology have significantly expanded the development of biomolecular sensors for diagnosing diseases and understanding cellular signaling pathways. The CRISPR/Cas strategy plays an excellent role in the field of biosensors. The latest developments are evolving with the specific use of CRISPR, which aims for a fast and accurate sensor system. Thus, the aim of this review is to provide concise knowledge on TDs associated with mosquitoes in terms of pathology and epidemiology as well as background knowledge on CRISPR in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Moreover, the study overviews the application of the CRISPR/Cas system for detection of TDs associated with mosquitoes.

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“…The saliva of the mosquito becomes infected after an incubation period of 10 days. When infecting humans, the virus contaminates the dermal fibroblasts, epidermal keratinocytes and immature dendritic cells 16 . Interferon alpha and beta are formed by the infected cells but can be evaded by viral proteins.…”

Section: Pathogenic Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika Virus Infection: A Global Health Emergency

Johargy

2022

Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Zika virus pathogenesis and current therapeutic advances

Cited by 33 publications

References 167 publications

Seroprevalence of Zika virus in pregnant women from central Thailand

Seroprevalence of Zika virus in pregnant women from central Thailand

Detection of Tropical Diseases Caused by Mosquitoes Using CRISPR-Based Biosensors

Zika Virus Infection: A Global Health Emergency

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