“…Various carbon materials have been employed as sulfur hosts, such as graphene, , hollow carbon spheres, , carbon nanotubes, − carbon fibers, , and carbon aerogels. − Nevertheless, the weak interaction between the nonpolar carbon materials and the polar polysulfides cannot successfully inhibit the shuttling effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPS) . Polar materials, such as ZnO, , TiO 2 , , MoS 2 , , TiS 2 − and Ti 3 C 2 , ,, may successfully capture and promote electrochemical conversion kinetics of LiPS, which is a promising strategy for improving the cycling stability/rate performance of Li–S batteries.…”