β-lactamase-producing Gram-negative bacteria in an intensive care unit in southern Brazil

Abstract

The present study evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility profile, b-lactamase production, and genetic diversity of Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter spp. using phenotypic identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and b-lactamase phenotypic detection. Isolates were obtained from patients in an intensive care unit in a hospital in southern Brazil. Bacterial genomic DNA was extracted, followed by the genotypic detection of carbapenemases and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR). Fifty-six isolates (26 Klebsiella pneumoniae, five Escherichia coli, three Enterobacter aerogenes, nine P. aeruginosa, and 13 Acinetobacter spp.) were evaluated. The phenotypic extended spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL) test was positive in 53.8% of the K. pneumoniae isolates, 100.0% of the E. coli isolates, and 100.0% of the E. aerogenes isolates. Phenotypic and genotypic testing of K. pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) was positive in 50.0% of the K. pneumoniae isolates. Phenotypic and genotypic testing showed that none of the P. aeruginosa or Acinetobacter spp. isolates were positive for metallo-b-lactamase (MBL). The bla OXA gene was detected only in Acinetobacter spp. The lowest genetic diversity, determined by ERIC-PCR, was observed among the KPC-producing K. pneumoniae isolates and OXA-producing Acinetobacter spp. isolates, indicating the inadequate dissemination control of multidrug-resistant bacteria in this hospital environment.

Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase and Carbapenemase Producing Gram-Negative Bacilli Infections Among Patients in Intensive Care Units of Felegehiwot Referral Hospital: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

“…This is consistent with findings reported in Indonesia, 39 Algeria 40 and India 37 where E. cloacae was the predominant ESBL producing isolate. In reports from Uganda, 6 Nepal, 30 Brazil 41 and Mexico, 28 E. coli and K. pneumoniae were also the most common ESBL producing isolates. Moreover, 56.6-81.3% of GNB isolates from blood, urine, sputum and wound samples of the present study are ESBL producers.…”

High prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Gram-negative pathogens from patients attending Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Bahir Dar, Amhara region

“…coli (100%), E . aerogenes (100%) ESBL producers [15]. In addition, different studies in Kuwait confirm that, K .…”

“…This is lower than a study from Brazil where 50% of K . pneumoniae isolates were positive for carbapenemase production [15].…”

Multi-Drug Resistance Profile, Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase and Carbapenemase-Producing Gram Negative Bacilli Among Admitted Patients After Surgery with Suspected of Surgical Site Nosocomial Infection North East Ethiopia

“…Citrobacter species, E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa were the most common Gram-negative ESBL producer’s bacteria in this investigation. This is supported by various research in Africa, 56 , 57 Indonesia 58 Algeria 59 and India 47 Uganda, 60 Nepal, 37 Brazil, 61 Saudi Arabia 62 and Mexico. 35 This could be because the bacteria are frequently exposed to a range of beta-lactams, prompting them to produce beta-lactamases.…”