β2-Microglobulin and the Major Histocompatibility Complex

Peterson, Per A.; Rask, Lars; Östberg, Lars

doi:10.1016/s0065-230x(08)61014-3

Cited by 39 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…The mechanism of this decline is unknown, but may be reduced mobiliza¬ tion18 due to low zinc,19 prealbumin,20 or retinol-binding protein levels. 3,21 Although we found that circulating vitamin A levels were normal during convalescence, total body stores of vitamin A may be depressed for months after measles in¬ fection. Campos et al14 reported that after an episode of chickenpox, children had inadequate total body reserves of vitamin A for 3 months or longer despite normal circu¬ lating levels.…”

Section: Analysis Of Measles Severity Related To Vitamin a Levelsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Vitamin A Levels and Severity of Measles

Frieden¹

1992

Am J Dis Child

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Section: Analysis Of Measles Severity Related To Vitamin a Levelsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Vitamin A Levels and Severity of Measles

Frieden¹

1992

Am J Dis Child

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“…It is bound by non-covalent forces t o the larger (mol wt 43,000) peptide that carries the alloantigeneic specificities. The HLA-alloantigens are intrinsic membrane glycoproteins that play a key role in cellular recognition and interaction [9,10,121; crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis has demonstrated that all membrane-bound 02-m is associated with HLA [ 121. Recent evidence suggests that there is an association of the male-specific H-Y antigen with the 02-m HLA complex, which seems to serve as an "anchorage site" for this differentiation antigen on the cell surface [ 131.…”

Section: General Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beta‐2‐microglobulin review: Its relevance in clinical oncology

Cooper

Plesner²

1980

Med. Pediatr. Oncol.

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Beta-2-microglobulin (beta 2-m) is an intrinsic part of the HLA system and is most probably involved in cell recognition. The levels of free beta 2-m in the blood and urine are influenced by beta 2-m production and its clearance and destruction in the kidney. Many tumors can be associated with an elevated serum beta 2-m, the reason is unknown. The most promising application of beta 2-m as a tumor marker would appear to be lymphoid malignancies, especially multiple myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

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“…The class I antigens, termed HLA-A, -B, and -C antigens in man and H-2 K, D, and L in the mouse, are integral membrane proteins displaying extensive genetic polymorphism (2). They are composed of one invariant chain, /32-microglobulin, and one heavy chain (3,4). The heavy chain spans the lipid bilayer and has three extracellular domains, each having 90 amino acid residues (for review, see ref.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete amino acid sequence of an HLA-DR antigen-like beta chain as predicted from the nucleotide sequence: similarities with immunoglobulins and HLA-A, -B, and -C antigens.

Larhammar¹,

Schenning²,

Gustafsson³

et al. 1982

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

290

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The complete nucleotide sequence of an HLA-DR antigen-like (3-chain cDNA clone was determined. The 1,080 base pairs include the complete coding region and most of the untranslated portion. The predicted amino acid sequence has 229 residues. The .8 chain contains two immunoglobulin-like disulfide loops and a 21-amino acid residue membrane-integrated segment. Ten amino acid residues reside on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane. The single asparagine-linked carbohydrate moiety is attached to asparagine-19. The NH2-terminal 91 residues of the (3 chain are homologous to the corresponding region of HLA-A, -B, and -C antigen heavy chains. Residues of the ( chain display statistically significant homology to members of the immunoglobulin family, P2-microglobulin, and the immunoglobulin-like domain of HLA-A, -B, and -C antigen heavy chains. These data establish that the major histocompatibility antigens of class I and class II type and the constant regions of immunoglobulins are evolutionarily related.The major histocompatibility complex encompasses genes that control two types of cell surface-expressed transplantation antigens (see ref. 1). The class I antigens, termed HLA-A, -B, and -C antigens in man and H-2 K, D, and L in the mouse, are integral membrane proteins displaying extensive genetic polymorphism (2). They are composed of one invariant chain, /32-microglobulin, and one heavy chain (3,4). The heavy chain spans the lipid bilayer and has three extracellular domains, each having 90 amino acid residues (for review, see ref. 5). The second domain and the domain attached to the membrane-spanning segment contain immunoglobulin-like disulfide loops (6). However, only the latter domain is homologous in primary structure to immunoglobulin constant domains (7)(8)(9)(10)(11). /32-Microglobulin is also evolutionarily related to the immunoglobulin chains (12).The class II molecules, termed HLA-DR and Ia-antigens in man and mouse, respectively, are composed of dissimilar subunits, called a and /3 chains (13), both of which are integral membrane proteins that leave their COOH-terminal regions on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane (14, 15). Class II antigens have been implicated in a variety ofimmunoregulatory events (16)(17)(18). Their role in the presentation of foreign antigens to T-helper cells has received much attention (see ref. 19). In the latter context, it appeared of interest to examine the primary structure of class II molecules to find out whether these molecules, like the class I antigens, display amino acid sequence homology with immunoglobulins.Recently, several groups have succeeded in cloning cDNA corresponding to the heavy chain of class I antigens (20-23), a prerequisite for obtaining primary structure information at a rapid rate. Consequently, we and others have isolated cDNA clones corresponding to the a (24, 25) and ,B chains (26) of HLA-DR-like antigens. In this communication, we provide the complete nucleotide sequence of one of the P-chain cDNA clones and demonstrate that t...

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β2-Microglobulin and the Major Histocompatibility Complex

Cited by 39 publications

References 151 publications

Vitamin A Levels and Severity of Measles

Vitamin A Levels and Severity of Measles

Beta‐2‐microglobulin review: Its relevance in clinical oncology

Complete amino acid sequence of an HLA-DR antigen-like beta chain as predicted from the nucleotide sequence: similarities with immunoglobulins and HLA-A, -B, and -C antigens.

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