γ-Tocopherol nebulization by a lipid aerosolization device improves pulmonary function in sheep with burn and smoke inhalation injury

Hamahata, Atsumori; Enkhbaatar, Perenlei; Kraft, E; Lange, Matthias; Leonard, Scott W.; Traber, Maret G.; Cox, Robert A.; Schmalstieg, Frank C.; Hawkins, Hal K.; Whorton, Elbert B.; Horváth, Eszter; Szabó, Csaba; Traber, Lillian D.; Herndon, David N.; Traber, Daniel L.

doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.04.037

Cited by 50 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…GraphPad Prism was used for statistical analysis (18). After obtaining normality for all measurements using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for goodness-of-fit to normal distribution, a two-way ANOVA for repeated measurements with group and time as factors was applied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Approximately 5 million microspheres with a diameter of 15.0 Ϯ 0.1 m were injected into the left atrium at BL (preinjury), 3,6,12,18, and 24 h, while reference blood was withdrawn from the femoral arterial catheter at a constant rate of 10 ml/min. The lower part of the trachea just above the carina (to which blood is supplied only by the bronchial artery) was harvested to quantify tracheal blood flow (37).…”

Section: Measurement Of Tracheal Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular biological effects of selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibition in ovine lung injury

Saunders

Westphal

Enkhbaatar

et al. 2010

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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Neuronal nitric oxide synthase is critically involved in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury resulting from combined burn and smoke inhalation injury. We hypothesized that 7-nitroindazole, a selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, blocks central molecular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of this double-hit insult. Twenty-five adult ewes were surgically prepared and randomly allocated to 1) an uninjured, untreated sham group ( n = 7), 2) an injured control group with no treatment ( n = 7), 3) an injury group treated with 7-nitroindazole from 1-h postinjury to the remainder of the 24-h study period ( n = 7), or 4) a sham-operated group subjected only to 7-nitroindazole to judge the effects in health. The combination injury was associated with twofold increased activity of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and oxidative/nitrosative stress, as indicated by significant increases in plasma nitrate/nitrite concentrations, 3-nitrotyrosine (an indicator of peroxynitrite formation), and malondialdehyde lung tissue content. The presence of systemic inflammation was evidenced by twofold, sixfold, and threefold increases in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, IL-8, and myeloperoxidase lung tissue concentrations, respectively (each P < 0.05 vs. sham). These molecular changes were linked to tissue damage, airway obstruction, and pulmonary shunting with deteriorated gas exchange. 7-Nitroindazole blocked, or at least attenuated, all these pathological changes. Our findings suggest 1) that nitric oxide formation derived from increased neuronal nitric oxide synthase activity represents a pivotal reactive agent in the patho-physiology of combined burn and smoke inhalation injury and 2) that selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibition represents a goal-directed approach to attenuate the degree of injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Of Tracheal Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular biological effects of selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibition in ovine lung injury

Saunders

Westphal

Enkhbaatar

et al. 2010

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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“…In another study, g-tocopherol supplementation reduced antigen induction of rat lung inflammation that was primarily neutrophils (26). It is also reported that nebulized g-tocopherol reduces neutrophilia in burn and smoke inhalation injury in sheep (27). Therefore, g-tocopherol may be of benefit for acute neutrophilic inflammation.…”

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confidence: 92%

Two Faces of Vitamin E in the Lung

Cook‐Mills

Abdala-Valencia

Hartert

2013

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

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Asthma and allergic lung disease occur as complex environmental and genetic interactions. Clinical studies of asthma indicate a number of protective dietary factors, such as vitamin E, on asthma risk. However, these studies have had seemingly conflicting outcomes. In this perspective, we discuss opposing regulatory effects of tocopherol isoforms of vitamin E, mechanisms for tocopherol isoform regulation of allergic lung inflammation, association of vitamin E isoforms with outcomes in clinical studies, and how the variation in global prevalence of asthma may be explained, at least in part, by vitamin E isoforms.Keywords: asthma; a-tocopherol; g-tocopherol; human; mouse Asthma and allergic lung disease occur as complex environmental and genetic interactions (1). The World Health Organization has reported that the prevalence of asthma from 1950 to the present has increased in many countries, including countries with high rates of asthma, intermediate rates of asthma, or low rates of asthma (2-4). The marked differences in rates of asthma within countries, in migrating populations, and over relatively short periods of time support an important role of the local environment, such as diet, in asthma inception. Prospective epidemiological studies, observational cross-sectional studies, and some randomized prevention trials have demonstrated the impact of a number of protective dietary factors, such as vitamin E, on asthma risk. However, these studies have had seemingly conflicting outcomes. We need to determine why there are low rates of allergic disease in developing countries and better understand the differences in diet and lifestyle that may really underpin allergic disease. One environmental change over the past 40 years has been an increase in the g-tocopherol isoform of vitamin E in the diet and in infant formulas (5, 6). We recently demonstrated that g-tocopherol increases allergic lung inflammation in mice (6)(7)(8). In this perspective, we discuss why we have yet to uncover the complex and potentially protective effects of isoforms of vitamin E on asthma in humans and in animal models of lung inflammation. We also review mechanisms for tocopherol isoform regulation of allergic lung inflammation in animals and discuss how the variation in global prevalence of asthma may be explained, at least in part, by country-specific plasma g-tocopherol differences.Vitamin E consists of natural isoforms and synthetic racemic isoforms. The eight natural isomers are d-a-, d-b-, d-g-, d-d-tocopherol and d-a-, d-b-, d-g-, d-d-tocotrienol. Plants synthesize the natural isoforms from tyrosine and chlorophyll (9). Then, these tocols are consumed in the diet from plant lipids. Mammals do not interconvert the tocopherol isoforms. The most abundant isoforms are a-tocopherol and g-tocopherol, which differ by one methyl group ( Figure 1A). There are approximately 10-fold higher tissue concentrations of a-tocopherol than g-tocopherol due to preferential transfer of a-tocopherol in the liver by a-tocopherol transfer protein and due to ...

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“…[16][17][18] An important chemical property of Vitamin E is its antioxidant activity, and its ability to neutralise peroxides and free oxygen radicals. 19 It is reported that Vitamin E has more powerful antioxidant capacity to prevent lipid peroxidation in the cells than other self-antioxidation systems (Vitamin C, glutathione peroxidase and beta carotene). 6,7,20 Although there is no report concerning the protective effects of Vitamin E against oxidative injury in humans, cardioselective analogs of alpha-tochopherol are used successfully in ischemic rat heart, where it reduced the infarct area and the enzymatic markers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficacy of Vitamin E in the Prevention of Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury After Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Open Heart Surgery

Acipayam¹,

Sunar²,

Canbaz³

et al. 2013

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci

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A AB BS ST TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of vitamin E in the protection of the lung from potential ischemia-reperfusion injury during elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : This controlled randomized single-center study included patients who underwent elective coronary bypass grafting (CABG) operation. Forty-nine patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. Water soluble Vitamin E (100 mg) in tepid saline (n=25) or tepid saline alone (n=24) was administered via the jugular vein before the aortic cross clamping. Serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels and serum malonedialdehyde levels (MDA) were measured. Pulmonary biopsies were obtained before the aortic cross clamping and 60 minutes after removing the cross clamp. Biopsies were examined histopathologically under electron microscopy. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : Serum MDA levels at T1 (15 minutes after removal of the cross clamp) and T2 (30 minutes after removal of the cross clamp) were higher in the control group compared to the Vitamin group. Serum TAC levels at T1, T2 and T3 (60 minutes after removal of the cross clamp) were higher in the Vitamin E group compared to the control group. Histopathologic injury grade was lower in the Vitamin E group than in the control group. C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : Vitamin E was found to be protective against reperfusion induced oxidative injury in the early operative period.K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Vitamin E; cardiopulmonary bypass; lung injury; reperfusion injury Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Bu çalışmanın amacı, elektif koroner baypas cerrahisi sırasında, akciğerdeki potansiyel iskemi reperfüzyon hasarını önlemede E vitamininin etkinliğini değerlendirmektir. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Bu kontrollü, randomize, tek merkezli çalışma, elektif koroner arter baypas greftleme (KABG) operasyonu geçiren hastalarda yapıldı. Çalışmaya toplam 49 hasta alındı ve hastalar rastgele 2 gruba ayrıldı. Yirmi beş olguya aortik kross klemp yerleştirilmeden önce suda eriyen 100 mg E vitamini içeren serum fizyolojik, 24 olguya ise sadece serum fizyolojik juguler ven yoluyla verildi. Serum total antioksidan kapasitesi (TAK) ve serum malondialdehit (MDA) düzeyleri ölçüldü. Aortic kross klemp yerleştirimeden önce ve kross klempin alınmasını takiben 60. dakikada akciğer biyopsisi alındı ve elektron mikroskopu altında histopatolojik olarak değerlendirildi. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Serum MDA değerleri karşılaştırıldığında, T1 (kross klemp kaldırıldıktan 15 dakika sonra) ve T2 (kross klemp kaldırıldıktan 30 dakika sonra) değerleri kontrol grubunda, E vitamini grubunun değerlerine göre daha yüksek saptandı. Serum TAK değerleri karşılaştırıldığında, T1, T2 ve T3 (kross klemp kaldırıldıktan 60 dakika sonra) değerleri E vitamini grubunda, kontrol grubuna kıyasla daha yüksek saptandı. E vitamin grubunda histopatolojik hasarlanmanın, kontrol grubundakine göre daha az olduğu sapta...

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γ-Tocopherol nebulization by a lipid aerosolization device improves pulmonary function in sheep with burn and smoke inhalation injury

Cited by 50 publications

References 65 publications

Molecular biological effects of selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibition in ovine lung injury

Molecular biological effects of selective neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibition in ovine lung injury

Two Faces of Vitamin E in the Lung

The Efficacy of Vitamin E in the Prevention of Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury After Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Open Heart Surgery

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