Narcolepsy was associated with approximately 1.5-fold excess mortality relative to those without narcolepsy. While the cause of this increased mortality is unknown, these findings warrant further investigation.

This retrospective study quantified the association between topiramate exposure during pregnancy and the risk of oral cleft or major congenital malformations, and suggested little or no increase in risk in comparison with exposure to other anti-epileptic drugs or to disease states, such as migraine, epilepsy, or diabetes. However, small numbers of events limit the strength of inferences.